Goals of Higher Education free essay sample

Goals of higher education, university of my choice Living in the modern world, one cannot but face with a neÃ' essity of getting higher education. Thus, if you want to be a respected part of society, you are to have a degree. However there are a lot of people who tend to think that this kind of studies is not for them as school education is quite enough. Well, what are the goals of higher education? And do people really need it? To give some facts I’d like to mention that due to the statistics, our country stands at the first place in the world in the number of people who have higher education with 54 % people graduated from the university. It’s very impressive though. So, what were the aims of all these people? Definitely, everybody is looking for the advantages one can take of it. And frankly speaking there are plenty of them. We will write a custom essay sample on Goals of Higher Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my opinion, one of the most important goals of higher education is providing society with highly qualified manpower in order to strengthen particular sector of domestic and world economy as well as other spheres of social life. Hence graduates have more chances to get a well-paid job and higher position in the field he or she interested in. Secondly, being educated in a certain realm gives you an opportunity to become an expert in a wide range of problems. Consequently, another goal of higher education is cultural enlightment. What is more, university or college really matters when we are talking about self-determination. Thus, it helps one to gain independence by realizing what he or she is good at. Sometimes school leavers enter higher education institution without knowing whether they really want to study this or that. However, with every passing year there, their desires become specified and they discover more and more opportunities to become useful for their local as well as world communities. Once I realized that higher education is vital for me, there was a problem what university to enter. However the number of universities offering studies in the field of international affairs in our country is quite limited and I had to choose between two cities, Volgograd where I was born and Samara that was quite near to my place. Finally, I made up my mind to study in Samara State University and I’ve never regretted it yet. It is a classical multi-faculty university and a leading educational institution of higher education in the region. What is more important for me, it offers a great platform for students who are interested in carrying an individual research. Highly qualified scientific advisors are ready to help us and provide with essential literature whenever we need it. Moreover the conferences held in our university give the youth opportunity to be heard and noticed as a lot of experts visit them. All things considered, we can notice that all the goals of higher education are to improve the quality of life in this or that way. Although, a lot of people are aware of all these advantages they prefer to limit themselves with school education. The point is that we shouldn’t forget that improvement of the quality of our life is about everybody. Therefore, it’s obvious that the more people have higher education, the better life we have. And the only choice you should make is what university to enter but in no case to keep studying after school or not. That’s out of question.

Pope Urban II Odo of Lagny

Pope Urban II Odo of Lagny Pope Urban II was known for beginning the Crusade Movement, instigating with his call to arms at the Council of Clermont. Urban also continued and expanded on the reforms of Gregory VII, and helped the papacy become a stronger political unit. Urban studied at Soissons and then at Reims, where he became archdeacon, before becoming a monk and retiring to Cluny. There he became prior, and after only a few years was sent to Rome to assist Pope Gregory VII in his attempts at reform. He proved invaluable to the pope, and was made a Cardinal and served as a papal legate. Upon Gregorys death in 1085 he served his successor, Victor II ​until Victor died. He was then elected pope in March 1088, and influenced affairs throughout France, Italy, Europe, and the Holy Land. Also known as:  Odo of Chà ¢tillon-sur-Marne, Odon of Chà ¢tillon-sur-Marne, Eudes of Chà ¢tillon-sur-Marne, Odo of Lagery, Otho of Lagery, Odo of Lagny Important Dates Born: c. 1035Elected Pope: March 12, 1088Speech at Council of Clermont: Nov. 27, 1095Died: July 29, 1099 The Pontificate of Urban II As pope, Urban had to deal with the antipope Clement III and the ongoing Investiture Controversy. He was successful in asserting his legitimacy as pope, but his reform policies did not take thorough hold throughout Europe. He did, however, establish a softer stance on the Investiture Controversy that would later make a resolution possible. Long aware of the difficulties pilgrims had been having in the Holy Land, Urban used Emperor Alexius Comnenos call for help as the basis for calling Christian knights to arms in the First Crusade. Urban also called together several important church councils, including those at Piacenza, Clermont, Bari, and Rome, passing notable reform legislation. Sources Butler, Richard U.  Pope Bl. Urban II.  The Catholic Encyclopedia.  Vol. 15.  New York: Robert Appleton Company,  1912. Halsall, Paul. â€Å"Medieval Sourcebook: Urban II (1088-1099): Speech at Council of Clermont, 1095, Five Versions of the Speech.†Ã‚  Internet History Sourcebooks Project, Fordham University, Dec. 1997.

Causes and Effects of teenage abortion in the USA Research Paper

Causes and Effects of teenage abortion in the USA - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that each year in the United States, approximately 750,000 teenagers between the ages of fourteen and nineteen become pregnant. Of this number, an average 200,000 teenagers a year seek an abortion. As more teenagers find themselves becoming pregnant, more are finding ways to avoid the responsibility of parenthood at such a young age. Unfortunately, not only do the excuses for obtaining abortions continue to rise, but so does the number of young pregnant females obtaining an abortion. As with any physical damage to one’s body, though, abortion comes with its consequences. Pregnant teenage females often seek abortions when their pregnancies are a result of rape or date rape. Rape is the forcing of sexual intercourse by one person on another. More often than not, rape is administered by a complete stranger, though there have been many cases of friends, extended relatives, teachers, and even church officials raping and impregnating young women. Date rape, on the other hand, is rape that is administered usually after the female has been drugged or otherwise made unconscious. This form of rape is often done by someone that the female knows well, like a friend or even a boyfriend. However, there are some men that drug women they do not know while at a party or a gathering and then invite them out to a place where the rape occurs. Date rape generally takes place while the female is spending time with the potential rapist, like on a date, hence its name.... Similar to rape, incest often comes without the consent of the other person. Sexual abuse can also be brought on by a male family member, but the teenager can also face sexual abuse from her boyfriend or a close male friend. The primary factor in both incest and sexual abuse is that the teenager had no say in the engaging of sexual intercourse. Unfortunately, physical violence can also be administered during the process of the abuse, rendering the teenager helpless to get away. There are many reasons that a teenager gets an abortion as a result of incest or sexual abuse. The first reason is simply because the pregnancy was due to incest and the teenager does not want to keep the baby who was fathered by someone that she is related to. The teenager might also abort to avoid revealing that a family member had gotten her pregnant. They want to avoid the shame that comes with such a confession, even though they had no part in what took place; they might also have been threatened to keep it a secret, and might not have a choice of whether or not to abort. Likewise, if the teenager was sexually abused by her boyfriend, she does not want to keep a baby that was created by force with someone that she loved and trusted. Another reason is because many children that are conceived out of incest often have physical deformities or mental illnesses. Teenagers abort for this reason as they do not want the responsibility of raising a baby that might be sick and need special attention and care. Promiscuity Promiscuity is when a person has many sexual relationships, which makes up a large percentage of pregnant teenagers at any given time in the United States. Many of

Competition among Hospitals for HMO Business Case Study

Competition among Hospitals for HMO Business - Case Study Example The independent variables are: an index of relative hospital prices for HMO business in each market (price); high tech-capability; teaching status (teaching or non-teaching); ownership status (non-profit, for-profit, or public); and location. To provide answer to the second research question, that is, to account for the effect of the structure of the hospital market on market share, three variables were added: no. of hospitals in the market, no. of HMOs in the market, and the HMO penetration rate. For both price and non-price attributes, the regression test pointed to an effect on market share variables. Hospitals with lower prices had a bigger share of HMO business. The more high-tech a hospital was, the greater the share in the HMO business. Teaching hospitals were more preferred by HMOs than non-teaching ones. On the effect of ownership: on average, nonprofit and public hospitals had less market share than for-profit ones.

History about African American Baseball Research Paper

History about African American Baseball - Research Paper Example Thesis statement: The history of the African American baseball proves the significance of the same as an innovative mode of protest against racism, segregation and marginalization (special references to the origin, growth and development of African American Baseball). The origin of African American baseball The history of African American Baseball is interconnected with the formation of Colored Union Club and Pythian Club in 1860s (in Brooklyn and Philadelphia, respectively). But these African American Baseball teams were considered as amateur teams. One can see that professionalism in African American Baseball begins in 1880s, with the formation of a number of all-black teams, like Cuban Giants. To be specific, in 1800s, formation of the amateur and the professional baseball teams divided the African American baseball into two. As pointed out, the decision of National Association of Base Ball Players limited the growth and development of African American Baseball into professionalis m. Dreifort states that â€Å"Discrimination, bigotry, fear, and violence dogged black players and restricted their opportunities and progress in organized baseball† (62). Later, the decision taken by the African Americans to form all black teams was considered as the first step to fight against the barrier of racism. Growth of African American baseball

Links Between Language and Culture

Links Between Language and Culture The objective of my research My research is based on understanding about how culture is linked to language and verse-visa. This topic wonders me sometimes; I was unable to get a better understanding. I know it is very confusing, hard to understand as people always argue about it and limited of resources to actually find out about the truth. There are too many researchers giving different interpretation and perceptions about language and culture. I am very curious and interested in giving my own opinion and do some research of what has been described liked before. I hope that my reader will have bigger picture. The context of my article is as follows: Jump to: The differences between language and culture How language and culture connects with each other? How language interacts with culture? How language interacts with context? How words are extracted from culture? How phrases are extracted from culture? (example of the Mayas)(Chinese words or characters) Why culture and language is important? Biography The difference between language and culture Language is a form of communication that is used by human beings and animals. Through this communication, is used through either none and verbal communication. Studying just language can be classify as phonology and grammar where phonology represents sounds which has different sets of phonemes that makes understand and learn the proper pronunciation. Grammar can further be categorized as morphology which combing sounds and morphemes are sounds combined in larger units used in making a normal speech. Non communication is another type of communication that includes facial expressions, tone of voice, sense of smell, sense of touch, and body motions. Language is always argued but it is said that language is a component of culture because much of the rest of it normally transmitted orally. Its impossible to understand the subtle nuances and deep meaning of another culture without knowing its language well. Culture gives the perceptions of identification within a society, where we are identifying individually or group. Language influences our culture and the way how we think as most people say that language is part of our culture because its the way how we used and see it within our environment, therefore its the way how we interpret it because anthropologies found out that it depends how people identify or categorize things in the environment and that provides important insights into the interests, concerns, and values of their culture. It influence our language because from since we were born, we have our first language, the language we are the language we were thought this comes from our parents generation, therefore our native language is part of our identity and which tells us more about our culture. Like for example, in Belize, there are three kinds of Mayas existing, namely Mopan, Kekchi, and the Yucate, but the big question always rose as to how we differentiate ourselves. We identify ourselves by the language we speak, the culture we are living, our beliefs, although some things are simila r but we have different approaches of doing things. Language is all about culture and culture is all about language, because this is main basic product of human, then human uses language to communicate with this then commutation brings the culture to the society. For example as mentioned culture is a product of language and language is a product of culture therefore these interpretation how the world see language and culture and to assume culture is to know a culture is knowing a language. Its not necessarily that one should know a culture or must know the culture, in my personal opinion it there must be something that should be known, because this relates each other. For example, I am in Taiwan studying, I do know little about their language, and little about their culture which fits to know the reality about the people and the environment. While others do know about the culture but know a little or none about the language. Nevertheless with further research I found out about an article published in 1990 by the world declaration on education for all (WDEFA) mentioning literacy in the mother tongue strengthens cultural identity and heritage. Based on my understanding, since language relates to each other, any mother tongue language spoken should be maintained so keep up the culture meaning that that language should be readable and writable. Comparing and looking at the history of the Mayas, the most interesting part of Maya is there writing systems, like their pictograph the picture images with universal meaning, ideographic-picture image with arbitrary meanings, logograph which is the units in writing representing whole words, syllable units represent syllables and alphabet units representing sounds that are How language and culture connects with each other? Language and culture are connected in several other intricate and dynamic ways. The language is a product of culture and simultaneously the culture is shaped by how the language allows us to view it. In any kind of language things are view differently but it must orient in a friendly manner. The background of most inhabitants of a culture are similar because we centuries ago we tend to hear the same stories that were said. Language connects culture in many ways, through changing the needs and trends in culture, For example words and expressions maybe needed to express concept that are been discovered or even been invented. These discovery or inventions are used in everyday life. Since culture describes the way live and think while language shows the way we speak and express ourselves becomes changeable from time to time and places, for example, there are some words that described or distinguish people living in rural or urban areas. On the other hand some words used mean the opposite in different places; both can have a positive or negative point of view so there particularly these happen due to changes in culture. How language interacts with context? Context is a notion used in the language science (linguistics, sociolinguistics, discourse analaysisi, pragmatics, semiotics) in two different ways namely as verbal and social context Verbal context referes to surrounding text or talk of an expression(word sentence conversational turn, speech act ext) influences the way we understand the expression Social context were defined in terms of objective social variables such as those of class gebder or race more rescently, tend to be defined interms of social indentity being construed and displayes in text and talk by languages uses Language interacting with context form are extremely difficult to delineate because sometimes things are hard to differentiate especially when deciding whether certain things belongs to a culture and also when making decision The context of culture is language socialization, ths merges ti the communication practices with the context of culture. Studying the language perspective is the pursuit of cultural underpinning thea give meaning to the communication interaction between expert and novice member within and cross contexts of situation. Researchers theorize about culture within different theoretical frameworks, looking culture to which includes bodies of knowledge, structures and of understanding, concepts of the world, and collective representation which are extrinsic to any individual and contain more information that any individual could know or learn. How words are extracted from culture? Extracting words from culture are the most difficult to describe because culture concentrates from various aspects of human life and history. An example of words extracted from culture is tequila as that is essence of Mexico which symbolizes its culture. The other article that I had read is about the Chinese folk model of facial expressions which was analyzed at linguistic perspective view. This research was provides how facial expression are perceived and interpreted by people in the Chinese language. Also the findings are about how facial is encoded from culture view of perceptions and conceptions of a face which are not commonly reflects in the English language Let me continue about how the Mayas got their words. The Mayas spoke many languages as well and the languages are transcribed via hieroglyphs and other written on substances. They painted their words on bark paper that has disintegrated, while just two were presumed to be prestigious forms of the Maya language which were said to be from southern area and one from the Yucatan peninsula, Epigraphy, which means writing on something, refers to writing on an enduring substance like stone. As such, it was impressed, inscribed, or chiseled rather than written with the stylus or reed pen applied to ordinarily decaying media like paper and papyrus. Common topics of epigraphy include epitaphs, dedications, honors, laws, and magisterial registers The Rosetta Stone, which is housed in the British Museum, is a black, possibly basalt slab with three languages on it (Greek, demotic and hieroglyphs) each saying the same thing. Because the words are translated into the other languages, the Rosetta Stone provided a key to understanding Egyptian hieroglyphs As the origins of the Maya languages are rose in the western hemisphere from three major families, then splitted into dialects, as the time changes, the languages were changing too and became distinct. There were words, vocabulary that reflects importance things in every culture, most of the time one word can having different meanings in different cultures. The language structure of the mayas sounds similar, while the features difference in meanings based on sounds namely pitch of vowels, glottalization of consonants, glottal stop. The history studied mention that when the Spanish developed the roman alphabet for the maya language they ignored glottal and tone distinctions. The maya language is considered to be polysynthetic referring to one complex word expressed many ideas and the word order are structured as verb-object-subject or verb subject. There is no femine and masculine pronouns but prefixes signal the genders for example naixil Few researchers like Woodbury view the purpose of languages that its linked to essential cultural content. He first described what can be transmitted and interpreted by the native speaker is more complete than if another language is used to convey the same message. For example the use of directional in Man and other Mayan languages is a linguistic trait which conveys and decisive meanings besides the idea of direction. These speakers can communicate and comprehend the metaphorical ideas that are added to messages. Secondly he describe that if a group of people loses their native language, their cultural heritage is also lost. Another example will be some of the Chinese words linking to Chinese culture and beliefs. Like for example a wedding cards that are designed, it is design in a traditional that refers to good blessing, a drawing or a word written or a Chinese character ?on the card signifies blessing, unlimited fortune and happiness. Chinese characters usually have one or more meanings and some of them are particularly loved by Chinese people. Here is the top ten list of the lucky ones. Fu Blessing, Good Fortune, Good Luck Fu is one of the most popular Chinese characters used in Chinese New Year. It is often posted upside down on the front door of a house or an apartment. The upside down fu means good luck came since the character for upsite down in Chinese sounds the same as the character for came. Lu Prosperity It used to mean officials salary in feudal China. Fengshui is believed to be the Chinese way to health, wealth and happiness. If you are interested in Fengshui, you may check out the book The Feng Shui Kit. Shou Longevity Shou also means life, age or birthday. Xi Happiness Double happiness is usually posted everywhere on Chinese weddings. Cai wealth, money Chinese often say money can make a ghost turn a millstone. It is to say money really can do a lot of things. He harmonious People harmony is an important part of Chinese culture. When you have harmonious relations with others, things will be a lot easier for you. Ai love, affection Dont need to say any more about this one. Just want to point out ai is often used with mianzi together. Aimianzi means be concerned about ones face-saving. Mei beautiful, pretty The United States of American is called Mei Guo in the short form. Guo means country so Meiguo is a good name. Ji lucky, auspicious, propitious Hope all is well. De virtue, moral De means virtue, moral, heart, mind, and kindness, etc. It is also used in the name for Germany, i.e., De Guo. How phrases are extracted from culture? Phrases are extracted from culture that express or expand imagination of a reader and a listener Why culture and language is important? Culture is so important because these practices can continue to be passing on to generations to generation and younger generation will be able to see and read about what had existed long ago. This refers to practices of beliefs, religion, lifestyle, or traditions and festivals and this is what makes a community representing culture. Any culture represents the principle of an individuals life because it is so unique for this counts the attitudes, personality, and other behavior characteristics. While language is main tool used every day, be it different dialect, it still makes us survive. This is the only we can communicate or spread ideas from one to another. Therefore language make us identify ourselves of who we are and while culture describe what we do. Language and culture is so important when doing business, presently in most parts of the world things are quite good because they interact with each other and by being successful each country needs to understand the different languages and most of all needs to know the general background of a countrys culture. The main advantage of being able to speak another language is that it allows easy communication among each other. Therefore learning another language gives us deeper understand of the culture, gives sensitivity to have us maintain strong relationships. Biography I am the second child of Mr. and Mrs. Cresencio Cho Sr. born on September 11 in a lovely village named San Antonio Village, Toledo District, Belize. My primary school days were great; I enjoyed it a lot and earned few awards. My secondary education was quite challenging but I still made it through with the help of my parents. After completing my high school, I began working as receptionist at a resort, cashier at the one of the high schools cafeteria in southern Belize, then became interested in teaching, did three years of elementary teaching under the Catholic mission, then decide to change my career. I apply for a scholarship with the international cooperation development fund of Taiwan and I was fortunate to receive it, and thats how I came to Taiwan, Presently, I am a senior student, majoring in business administration. My hobbies are cooking, chatting, singing, listening to music, and sewing, meeting new friends. I love travelling, since 3 years living in Taiwan, I love the country, environment, the convenience it has and of course the people who are always welcoming. I became interested in taking this class with professor Blundell, language and culture, I really enjoyed the content of the class, especially in sharing his experience, this motivate me that I want to experience the same if I get the opportunity although my major is business. I mostly enjoyed the outing arrangement, visiting the museum, this make the class more interesting getting to know more about Taiwans culture especially to learn about the indigenous people. Learning about the indigenous people of Taiwan makes me compare my cultural background, I belong to the indigenous group of my country Belize known as the Mayas, particularly I belong to the Mopan Maya group, Belize has three types of Mayas, the Mopan, the Ketchi, the Yucate. From what I observe and learn, we do have some similarities in our lifestyles. The only difference is the way how live, because like for example, ancestral objects can still be seen, the offerings, the beliefs, This class is very beneficial, if theres another similar course as this one, I will be more than interested to learn more. I am willing to share my knowledge based on what I have seen, I have heard what I have learned, what I personally experience being here for four years.

National Debt :: Argumentative Economics Economy Papers

National Debt I agree with what was said above. The debt although large will never need to be paid off. Cutting off social services in the government is not and will not solve the problem it will only prolong it. The social government shutdown that went in effect at 12:00a.m. monday night does not solve a thing. It only cuts what some people desperately need to servive. True this will save our government some money, but not near enough to erase the debt. Mr. Clinton came into office wanting to make health care affordable for all. Mrs. Clinton made a name for herself trying to get her health care plans passed. Now they turn around and pull this shutdown. I realize the shutdown is not all his falt, but he is the President and he should get negotiations moving in a positive direction. Our government needs to start comprimising both sides of the proposals. Democratic and Republican ideas need to be combined in order to get something passed that will work. If the governme! nt is so concerned with the national debt then they need to work something out instead of just dragging the problem out with the parshall gov't shutdown. My proposal to some of the national debt is to start selling some of the items in our stock houses. I once saw 60 minutes do a piece on the stock houses. It amazed me on how many items we have in surplus. You see, the gov't buys articles off of businesses when they need them during a war time production. After the war is over though, the gov't continues to purchase the same amount of goods even though we don't need them. This allows the business who sells the product to keep their head above water and profit a little which in turn allows the workers to have more money and purchase more goods. This is nice of our gov't to do this, but the surplus items should be used or sold to Americas

Anti Depressants: An Overview

We must limit the number of young children who are administered antidepressants, as we do not have sufficient, if any, data regarding the effects of these drugs on the developing brain. Greater involvement from parents, teachers, ministers, and friends, as well as counseling and psychotherapy must all be used extensively before turning to the â€Å"quick fix† of antidepressants. In the last ten years, the psychiatric field has been flooded with a new group of antidepressants known as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, or SSRIs. Michele Laraia defines an SSRI as â€Å"a group of compounds that block the reuptake of serotonin by the pre synaptic neuron† (6). By adjusting the level of serotonin, the mood-altering chemical which our body naturally creates, that reaches the brain, we can control the stability of a person's mood. Tania Unsworth writes that â€Å"almost 600,000 children and adolescents in the US were prescribed SSRI antidepressants in 1996† (1). A more alarming statistic, reported by Joseph Coyle, is that â€Å"there has been a 10-fold increase in the prescription of SSRIs in the US for children under 5 years old between 1993 and 1997† (1). Parents, teachers, and psychiatrists across the country seem a little too anxious to jump on the antidepressant bandwagon. Apparently, many people are willing to turn first to the quick fix of drugs rather than the more time consuming approach of counseling and psychotherapy, although these have proven to be much more effective in the long run (McDougle 1). The most common reason for the prescription of an antidepressant is depression. Until about ten years ago, depression was thought to be nonexistent in children. Depression is now found, using the same criteria used for adults, to be unquestionably diagnosable in children (Fishbein 1). Joyce Price notes that â€Å"the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry puts the number of significantly depressed children and adolescents at 3.4 million† (1). The consequences of depression for children include social dysfunction, academic underachievement, impaired self-image, and suicidal and anti-social behavior (Laraia 1). Depression is also commonly linked to other problems such as conduct disorder, attention deficit disorder, and anxiety disorder. In a survey done by Judith Asch-Goodkin, she reports that â€Å"of over 600 physicians surveyed, more than half (57%) had prescribed an SSRI for a diagnosis other than depression† (1). In some cases, of course, medication is really necessary in order to correct a persisting disorder or complex which, if left untreated, would continue to grow. However, in young children, drug use should be reserved for a final remedy, and even then used with great moderation. The problem with most prescriptions given to children is that these drugs are used simply as a quick fix. Claudia Kalb writes that â€Å"experts say frustrated parents, agitated day-care workers and 10-minute pediatric visits all contribute to quick fixes for emotional and behavioral problems† (1). Parents seem too eager to find an â€Å"excuse† for their child's behavior. The easiest excuse for a parent to digest is the suggestion that their child has a natural chemical imbalance, correctable by medication. This helps to put the parents mind at ease, assuring them that it is not their fault. In most cases the parents are so relived to find out that their child's condition is not their fault that they do not bother to look into other ways of helping their child; instead they put their trust in their doctor and do whatever he first suggests. Of course, the scariest thing about giving an antidepressant to a child is that less than 20 percent of the drugs used in children have been tested on children (Price 2). As a matter of fact, none of the drugs which fall in the category of an SSRI have been tested on children. However, since the FDA has approved them for use in adults, doctors can legally prescribe them to children (Crowley 1). The courts have always left drug treatment to the physician's â€Å"best judgment† (Fisher 1). In fact, Rhoda Fisher states that â€Å"prescribing physicians do not need any scientific proof that a particular drug is effective for the patient they have in mind to treat† (1). In addition, general practitioners and pediatricians do not, for the most part, have the psychiatric knowledge necessary for the prescribing of antidepressants. Determining which medication to use and when to use it can be a confusing task for these doctors (McDougle 1). Without the proper education, prescribing an antidepressant can be a shot in the dark. Rebecca Voelker found in a study of over 600 family physicians and pediatricians that â€Å"72% had prescribed an SSRI for a patient younger than 18 years. Yet only 8% of the physicians said they had received adequate training in the management of childhood depression, and just 16% said they felt comfortable treating children for depression† (182). Surely some method of regulating which physicians can prescribe antidepressants can be established. Furthermore, the vast majority of evidence, so far, suggests that antidepressants do not help childhood depression (Price 1). The body of a child grows far too rapidly for the drug level to remain constant in their body. Fisher goes on to put it more bluntly in saying that â€Å"in view of their negative side effects and clearly demonstrated lack of therapeutic effectiveness, it is inappropriate to treat the younger segment of the population with antidepressant medications† (2). Almost 80 percent of children who are put on medications were referred to doctors for school problems, yet antidepressants have been proven to be ineffective in treating school problems or nebulous behavior problems (Asch-Goodkin 1). Once again, another case where frustration in a child's behavior is put above the child himself. A quick and easy answer to everything does not always exsist. With no empirical evidence to support drug treatment in young children, many could argue that it is not only dange rous but unethical as well. Even in cases where medication is absolutely necessary, psychotherapy should always be a big part of the treatment. The goal of the medication should be to help the child learn to deal with their condition, hopefully drug-free at some point. Too many times the medication is used as the sole treatment. Christopher J. McDougle points out that † the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, the AACAP, recommends psychotherapy as the initial treatment for mild to moderate depression† (1). He goes on to say that â€Å"the AACAP notes that SSRIs are never sufficient as the sole treatment† (2). It has been proven time and time again that most children are just reaching out and need an adult to show actual one-on-one attention to them. This is why psychotherapy is so very important. Children need that human contact. Of course, the primary concern in treating children with antidepressants is that we have absolutely no data on how these drugs affect the long-term brain development (Kalb 2). We are shoveling pills into the mouths of little children whose bodies and minds are at the most sensitive stages of their development, and we do not even know how these drugs will affect that. The pharmaceutical companies remain as the major funding sources for the study of various drugs and their effects on the body (Allen 6). The problem is that the law only requires them to test the drugs on adults. After that, it is up to the physicians who prescribe them. Allen explains their lack of ambition in pursuing such tests by claiming that â€Å"there is little incentive for the industry to conduct premarketing or post-marketing controlled treatment trials in children, since they are very expensive and raise liability concerns† (6). What is the key word here? Money. The pharmaceutical companies are not wil ling to shell out the extra money no matter what the costs. In his studies, McDougle found that â€Å"children and adolescents are more likely to have behavioral side effects; younger children being the most vulnerable† (5). Common side effects that are popular with younger patients are gastrointestinal distress, nausea, and anorexia (McDougle 3). Others common side effects are headaches, tremors, jitteriness, and nervousness (McDougle 3). Also, for some children hypomania, mania, and psychosis have all occurred (McDougle 4). On the other side of the mania disorders are the many different sleep disorders caused by these drugs. McDougle†s studies go on to show that â€Å"SSRIs, like virtually all antidepressants, alter sleep architecture, decreasing total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and the total duration of rapid-eye movement sleep† (3). The result of this is children who suffer daytime sedation, insomnia, and vivid, frightening dreams. In one of McDougle†s study groups, 42 percent had wild, vivid dreams that resul ted in the subjects injuring themselves enough to require hospitalization (5). Another concern, reported by Rhoda Fisher, is the scattered cases of children dying â€Å"suddenly and unexpectedly† (2). This may be linked to Serotonin Syndrome, a condition which can be derived from just one seronergic agent (McDougle 5). Children suffering from Serotonin Syndrome will experience fever, muscular rigidity, and a drastic mental status change. Also, they may be affected by hyper pyrexia (temperature above 105 degrees farenheight)mandating aggressive cooling, muscular paralysis, and intubation (McDougle 3). The time has come when we must demand that the pharmaceutical companies, physicians, and psychiatrists be better regulated. The changes made would be minimal but their outcome would be incomparable to anything else. Certainly, we must protect the health and the rights of young people who may not be able to do so for themselves. Medication is just a part, and a small part at that, of the therapeutic process. All options outside of medication should be thoroughly exercised before moving on to the next phase. Parents, teachers, and ministers must first do their part before recommending a child for professional care. After that, strict regulations must be put on doctors and psychiatrists to ensure that only those knowledgeable enough to prescribe antidepressants to children can do so. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical companies must be forced to test their products on any age group that might have access to these drugs. It is critical to the future of our society that we stop drugging are youth and look for more natural approaches.

Free Essays on The Jewlery

The story of â€Å"The Jewelry† by Guy De Maupassant dealt with a man named Monsieur who was cheated on his wife by Madam Lantin. Maupassant Monsieur loved his wife who was from a small country town. While she had meat with many wealthy families, the beautiful and then young Madam Lantin had given her hand in marriage to Monsieur, who was exuberated with excitement. Mr. Maupassant showed how the husband in this marriage, like many other men out there, is foolish and blinded by love. There were many context clues that Maupassant had incorporated into the story trying to give clues to the reader that not all good was going on in Monsieur and Madam Lantin’s household. On page nine, beginning of the fourth paragraph, â€Å"She ruled his home with an economy so adroit that they really seemed to live in luxury.† When, a woman/male has control of the relationship and it isn’t mutual, there is bond to be something going on in the relationship. Monsieur had let her have total control of their life-style. Monsieur was blind with love. Page nine, beginning of paragraph three stated Monsieur Lantin’s salary, â€Å"M. Lantin, who was then chief clerk in the office of the Minister of the Interior, with a salary of thirty-five hundred francs a year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  that statement there also goes on to the next clue that Mr. Guy De Maupassant tries to imply of her adultery. Madam Lantin had bought many â€Å"false jewelry†. Maupassant stated her interest in dress or materialistic views. Page nine, middle of paragraph nine, â€Å"But she got into the habit of suspending in her pretty ears two big cut pebbles, fashioned in imitation of diamonds; and she wore necklaces of false pearls, bracelets of false gold, and haircombs studded with paste-imitations of precious stones.† If the daughter of a poor, respectable country-tutor, why need all those fake materialistic items. Then Maupassant reinstating the fact that Madam Lantin wasn’t the ... Free Essays on The Jewlery Free Essays on The Jewlery The story of â€Å"The Jewelry† by Guy De Maupassant dealt with a man named Monsieur who was cheated on his wife by Madam Lantin. Maupassant Monsieur loved his wife who was from a small country town. While she had meat with many wealthy families, the beautiful and then young Madam Lantin had given her hand in marriage to Monsieur, who was exuberated with excitement. Mr. Maupassant showed how the husband in this marriage, like many other men out there, is foolish and blinded by love. There were many context clues that Maupassant had incorporated into the story trying to give clues to the reader that not all good was going on in Monsieur and Madam Lantin’s household. On page nine, beginning of the fourth paragraph, â€Å"She ruled his home with an economy so adroit that they really seemed to live in luxury.† When, a woman/male has control of the relationship and it isn’t mutual, there is bond to be something going on in the relationship. Monsieur had let her have total control of their life-style. Monsieur was blind with love. Page nine, beginning of paragraph three stated Monsieur Lantin’s salary, â€Å"M. Lantin, who was then chief clerk in the office of the Minister of the Interior, with a salary of thirty-five hundred francs a year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  that statement there also goes on to the next clue that Mr. Guy De Maupassant tries to imply of her adultery. Madam Lantin had bought many â€Å"false jewelry†. Maupassant stated her interest in dress or materialistic views. Page nine, middle of paragraph nine, â€Å"But she got into the habit of suspending in her pretty ears two big cut pebbles, fashioned in imitation of diamonds; and she wore necklaces of false pearls, bracelets of false gold, and haircombs studded with paste-imitations of precious stones.† If the daughter of a poor, respectable country-tutor, why need all those fake materialistic items. Then Maupassant reinstating the fact that Madam Lantin wasn’t the ...

Free Essays on Independent Farming Verses Working For An Agribusiness Company

Independent Farming Versus Working for an Agribusiness Company Majoring in Agriculture gives one the opportunity to make a career decision to choose to be an independent farmer or to join a noted agribusiness company. One will have to consider the pro’s of owning a farm and working for a noted agribusiness company. On the hand, both career choices have con’s as well. Due to the importance of the decision, one will have to take time to make the best possible choice for the individual. Looking at a career as an independent farmer, one will have the opportunity to own a farm and not have to work for someone else. Owning a farm gives one a material object to leave to other family members. One will not have to answer to others, when making a business decision. When purchasing and operating a farm, one will have to make financially pressing decisions. However all the of the opportunities that come with along with the job of being an independent farmer, will give the farmer the motivation to work harder and be successful. Compared to being an independent farmer, working for a noted agribusiness will give one more clout and be less stressful financially. The noted agribusiness company will be able to provide the employee with insurance, benefits, a retirement plan, and vacation time. The individual will not be directly responsible for the financial responsibility of the business. In some situations, one’s perception of a business man’s clout is higher than that of an independent farmer. After one has analyzed all the rewards of both career choices, one will be able to consider the down falls of being an independent farmer or working for a noted agribusiness company. An independent farmer will be working hard, long hours. The stress level of an independent farmer will also be high due to finances, weather conditions, crop prices and many other factors related to farming. Agribusiness company employees do not... Free Essays on Independent Farming Verses Working For An Agribusiness Company Free Essays on Independent Farming Verses Working For An Agribusiness Company Independent Farming Versus Working for an Agribusiness Company Majoring in Agriculture gives one the opportunity to make a career decision to choose to be an independent farmer or to join a noted agribusiness company. One will have to consider the pro’s of owning a farm and working for a noted agribusiness company. On the hand, both career choices have con’s as well. Due to the importance of the decision, one will have to take time to make the best possible choice for the individual. Looking at a career as an independent farmer, one will have the opportunity to own a farm and not have to work for someone else. Owning a farm gives one a material object to leave to other family members. One will not have to answer to others, when making a business decision. When purchasing and operating a farm, one will have to make financially pressing decisions. However all the of the opportunities that come with along with the job of being an independent farmer, will give the farmer the motivation to work harder and be successful. Compared to being an independent farmer, working for a noted agribusiness will give one more clout and be less stressful financially. The noted agribusiness company will be able to provide the employee with insurance, benefits, a retirement plan, and vacation time. The individual will not be directly responsible for the financial responsibility of the business. In some situations, one’s perception of a business man’s clout is higher than that of an independent farmer. After one has analyzed all the rewards of both career choices, one will be able to consider the down falls of being an independent farmer or working for a noted agribusiness company. An independent farmer will be working hard, long hours. The stress level of an independent farmer will also be high due to finances, weather conditions, crop prices and many other factors related to farming. Agribusiness company employees do not...

Book War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book War - Essay Example The fact that her hair and shoulders were covered with frost, Ping concluded that she must have been there all night. This shows one of the effects the ban to reading had on young people. At first Ping thought that she was reading one of Mao’s books but later realizes that it was the story of Little Mermaid. He had wanted to read the book but only when he was able to read a book on his own, the revolution began and booked were termed as poisonous weed. The fact that the girl had disguised the book with a cover of Mao’s works shows how eager people were to read. She had felt the need to read the book but could not do that openly in fear of the government. This is one instance that shows how cruel the government’s decision was on those that really wanted to read. Ping and his neighbor decided to carry out a secret book exchange program. This emphasizes their determination to keep reading despite threats form the government. Ping later discovers a box of books that his mother had hidden. Whenever his mother discovered a book he was reading, she would order him to tear it and burn the pages. Then she would explain that it was for their safety with tears in her eyes. The author says that their hearts were turned into ashes. This can be taken to imply desperation and safe pity. All they could do was stick to the instructions from the government or risk their lives. In his last stanza, when the last of the books was burnt, he sat in the chicken coop. It was here that all the stories became alive in him as tears flowed freely. He then started telling stories to friends, siblings, and neighbors. These were stories he had read from the forbidden books and some that he had made up. From this experience, the author concludes that even if books are banned and burnt, hope and stories are still alive. The experience from this story emphasizes the importance of stories to people, even to children. Books carry stories that

Write about an experience you've had that makes you who you are Essay

Write about an experience you've had that makes you who you are - Essay Example I thought of smokers as idiots who waste money to buy ash and smoke to inject the carbon into their lungs and ruin their health. I did not smoke because I could not identify even a single benefit of this habit. I saw the purple lips of the chain smokers and that drew me further away from the thought of smoking a cigarette ever. But there was something strange happening to me when I was sitting amongst them and not smoking when all of them were doing it. I felt stranger and disconnected from the group. It was a pathetic feeling. It seemed like I had been outcast or was socially excluded. It felt anything but good. I had an inside feeling that it would not harm me if I gave it a try just for that time. While I was struggling with my inner feeling and denying the fact that I wanted to smoke there and then, one of my friends started criticizing me for not smoking. He called me â€Å"a Mama’s boy†, and the rest of them joined him in making fun of me. Then one of them said, à ¢â‚¬Å"Oh common Jonny, I know you can do it!† They presented it to me like a challenge, that I was too bold to deny accepting. The group process overwhelmed me and I did take a cigarette, pursed it between my lips, lit it at the end, and inhaled it!!! I was not being myself and it felt worse than before! Group that an individual forms part of influences the individual and convinces him/her to do things that he/she would never even think of doing as an individual. Group norms and values are quite different and often in conflict with the norms and values of at least some members of the group. Group’s norms and values are established with mutual consensus of the more powerful, influential and dominating members. Passive participants in the group work have to abide by the norms and values thus established by the active participants. Their compliance promotes harmony and retaliation promotes conflict. Thus, in order to work peacefully in a group, members