The House On Mango Street And Whale Rider Analysis

The 1984 novel The House on Mango Street by Sandra Cisneros and the 2002 film Whale Rider by Niki Caro shed light on the stereotypical roles females are expected to fulfill in many different cultures. Esperanza comes from an immigrant Mexican family that resides in Chicago and is the typical minority family. Paikea, on the other hand, comes from a long line of Maori people and lives in Whangara, a small village in New Zealand. Even though the girls are separated by thousands of miles, they both are very similar and strive to be leaders in their communities, despite the discrimination they face for being young females. The role of women plays a huge part in both The House on Mango Street and Whale Rider. Esperanza comes from a culture where†¦show more content†¦She moves around frequently and lives in a rather rubbish neighborhood occupied by many other minority families. But despite how it may look to outsiders, Esperanza says it is a very safe neighborhood. While living on Mango Street, Esperanza recalls multiple times people in her neighborhood have fulfilled the stereotypical Mexican role, such as abuse by husbands, stealing cars, getting married early, and having many children. Even though Esperanza is surrounded by negative influences, she does not fall into the cycle that most women in her culture do, and instead decides to make something of her life, then come back and help the others do the same. Like Esperanza, Paikea comes from a very narrow-minded culture. Paikea is a Maori descendant and lives in a small village on the coast of New Zealand. Her grandfather is the chief, and Pa ikea’s twin brother was supposed to be the chief after her father, but unfortunately, he died when he was born. This left Paikea feeling rejected and unwanted by many people, simply because she was not â€Å"born a boy† (Whale Rider, 2002) for years. She was not allowed to be the chief because she was a girl, even though it was clear she was meant to be the next chief. Paikea’s grandfather refuses to believe it is the truth and expects Paikea to do what the rest of the Maori women do: take care of the men, cook, clean, and have children. But, Paikea’s rebellious actions to not do what she was

The World of Mass Media - 1067 Words

The world of Mass Media is a complicated place as told by former TV and Radio reporter, Al Meyers. â€Å"You never know what you’re going to be doing, but then there’s the ability to be able to do it and to share that with the people who are listening.† Meyers, who is retired, gave me the pleasure of sitting down and talking to me about the world of Mass Media Communication, then and now. Most of what we hear about in the world today comes to us as it is broadcasted through the television news networking stations and the Radio broadcasts throughout the day. It is constantly being updated by the minute as news breaks everywhere, whether it is locally or internationally. However what about the people who present us the news, the people who work†¦show more content†¦Media workers need to have social skills, and the ability to talk to people. It is one of the many ways in which a reporter finds out what is going on. They need to be able to present the news in a clear concise way that is easy for listeners to interpret and understand. â€Å"You need to have an eye and an ear for ‘the story’ and a desire to capture the latest news,† says Al, â€Å"The process behind establishing what is published and what isn’t wholly depends on what is relevant for people in the community to know.† The training involved in becoming a reporter deals especially with developing a person’s social skill, and their ability to use their curiosity to get information out of people, even when they are reluctant to give it. Interaction with people is important because as a Media worker you have to be able to work together with a group of people in order to make all aspects of a story fit together. â€Å"Television news requires a thirst for getting the scoop, and it also requires energy and ambition. News reporters have to have the ability to write and speak in a way that makes people think. Meyer tells about his personal experience in a situation where he could not understand what it was that another television reporter what talking about, â€Å"It was terrible trying to decipher what it was he was exactly talking about. His delivery of the media content wasn’t smooth and easyShow MoreRelatedMass Media Coverage On The World962 Words   |  4 PagesMass media coverage, wh ich is most common in developed nations, has been a key benefactor that plays a significant role in the modern world by broadcasting information quickly. A poll conducted by the Pew Research Center for the People and Press found in the United States that television ranks number one as the leading source of daily news followed by newspapers, radio, and the internet. Knowledge has never been so easily accessible than it is now, with the latest news being available to us, wheneverRead MoreMass Media And Its Impact On The World959 Words   |  4 Pagesâ…  Ã£â‚¬â‚¬Introduction Because the internet has spread, it has also increased opportunities of being described as â€Å"Old Media.† In order to gather the daily news and events, there is still greater the influence of mass media represent by television and newspaper. To be mentioned uppermost of a feature of the internet, the overwhelming amount of information. A wide variety of data on the net has continued to increase constantly even at present does not know where is fits. And another one, is a great featureRead MoreThe Use Of Mass Media On The World Of Jews1495 Words   |  6 Pageslifetime. Those acts were terrible and left a scar on the world that can never be mended. However for many reasons was still a good leader, he possessed many exceptional abilities which helped him with various problems and situations. In 1939-1945 he was given the position to be chancellor of Germany, instead of doing good, he exceeded his power in an effort to diminish the world of Jews. Adolf Hitler’s tyranny is shown by the use of mass media and the control of culture, acts of genocide against Jew sRead More The Role of Mass-Media in the Contemporary World Essay583 Words   |  3 PagesThe Role of Mass-Media in the Contemporary World The power of the mass media has once become so powerful that its undoubtedly significant role in the world today stays beyond any questions. It is so strong that even politics uses it as a means of governing in any country around the world. The mass media has not only political meaning but also it conveys wide knowledge concerning all possible aspects of human beings’ lives and, what is utterly true, influences on people’s points of view and theirRead MoreWalt Disney’s New World of Mass Media Essay2940 Words   |  12 Pagesextraordinary lying around every corner. Walt Disney World, other wise known as â€Å"the happiest place on earth†, or the place â€Å"where dreams come true†, was founded by a man with a dream of creating a place where children and parents could spend time together while making amazing memories. However, this extravagant amusement park is only one of the major accomplishments of Walt Disney. Walt Disney’s greatest achievement is the impact he made on America’s mass media industry. Disney took his talent for art andRead MoreThe Real-World Effects of Virtual Violence: Perspectives on Video Games and Mass Media1507 Words   |  7 Pageseffects is becoming more important and more funding is being granted to researching it. As this research is being published, media outlets are starting to pay more attention to the alarming matter at hand. While some research has found no appreciable effects on aggression levels, most experts agree that there is a definite effect if the proper conditions are in place. â€Å"Violent media increase aggression by teaching observers how to aggress, by priming aggressive cognitions, by increasing arousal, and byRead MoreEssay Roles of Mass Media in Society973 Words   |  4 PagesRoles of Mass Media in Society Term of mass media or press has been used since around ten decades ago. At early age, type of mass media that society knows was only printed mass media such as newspaper, flyer, or brochure, but as the century goes by, other type of mass media, such as television, radio and internet, began to appear. In a society, mass media has many functions, due to its capability; mass media could bring not only positive effects but also negative effects to society. NeverthelessRead MoreThe Constructions of Gender1094 Words   |  4 Pagesrespect to gender, mass media, in its various forms, is the primary way that people learn how to act as a girl or boy. Mass media is a powerful method of communication, entertainment, education, and socialization. The necessity and the relevancy of mass media becomes more prominent and urgent in the 21st century world, as the 21st century landscape is exceptionally more mediated than in previous eras of human history. It behooves producers, distributors, and con sumers of mass media to understand andRead MoreMass Media And Its Impact On Society1719 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s world society believes that mass media plays a key role in shaping and communicating our culture. Mass Media is defined as a technological advancement of communication. People receive information about the world through mass media and it helps shape people’s beliefs, values, perception, and behavior. Mass media is a controversial topic among sociologists, many of them have differentiating opinions of how mass media is influencing people daily lives today. Through this research analysisRead MoreMass Media And Its Impact On Society1306 Words   |  6 PagesToday is the world of technologies which keeps on introducing us with new innovations and advancements and one of these technologies which influenced our lives is mass media. Mass media is a means of communication that reach number of people in a short time. Mass media includes television, newspaper , magazine, radio and Internet (Nariman,2011) . It is a large pool of information from where every type of information can be extracted and is widening more and more. Mass media influences the society

Efficient Market Hypothesis and Critics

Question: Discuss about the Efficient Market Hypothesis and Critics. Answer: Introduction: The content of this paper apply various financial aspects to give response the statement "If the business cycle is predictable, and a stock has a positive beta, the stock's returns also must be predictable. In order give response to the above mentioned statement various financial models are applicable (Burton and Shah 2017). The justification of the statement depends on the analysis and application of efficient market hypothesis as a model in field of finance. Efficient market theory is a financial economic model which states that at any given period in an efficient or a liquid market, prices known as security prices vividly reflect all the available information in the market. The efficient market hypothesis therefore exist in three capacities as strong, semi strong and weak (Petkova and Zhang 2005). From the definition of the efficient market hypothesis model, one can deduced an idea and respond to the statement, "If the business cycle is predictable, and a stock has a positive beta, the stock's returns also must be predictable. It is therefore clear that in a case where positive beta stock responds quite well to the valuable and favorable new information concerning the business progress via a business cycle recoveries, the value of the stocks returns should therefore be predictable without showing any form of abnormality based on the already speculated events (Malkiel 2013). For instance, in an event where a recovery is anticipated prior, the actual recovery in this case is not considered as a new information. The statement is therefore true since in such events where the recovery is already anticipated the cost of the available stock should reflect the forth coming recovery. Determining the level of stocks returns as strong, semi strong or weak is the only factor which cannot be predicted. The unpredictability of the stock too can only be evident when responding to new market information (Petkova and Zhang 2005). From the assumptions in the weak market where the prevailing stock prices reflect all the security market information at hand, the future stock can be predicted. The assumption is similar to that of a strong market and a semi strong market which concludes that excess stocks returns cannot be achieved using technical analysis. Based on the above analysis and reflection to various efficient market hypothesis, it is evident that when the business cycle is predictable and the available stock has beta the future stocks returns can be predicted (Malkiel 2013). This is because the future stocks returns cannot be more than the available positive beta. As seen from the models explaining various levels of the market which concludes that future stock estimation cannot be exceeding the recoveries, the statement can therefore be classified as true (Burton and Shah 2017). And as previously stated, when a positive beta responds well to the business cycle predictions as well as the favorable new market information, the value of the future stocks returns can be predicted. In conclusion, the statement If the business cycle is predictable, and a stock has a positive beta, the stock's returns also must be predictable is true as the value of stocks returns can be predicted based on a positive beta and the predictable business cycle. References Burton, F.E.T. and Shah, S.N., 2017. Efficient Market Hypothesis. CMT Level I 2017: An Introduction to Technical Analysis. Malkiel, B.G., 2013. The efficient market hypothesis and its critics. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 17(1), pp.59-82. Petkova, R. and Zhang, L., 2005. Is value riskier than growth?. Journal of Financial Economics, 78(1), pp.187-202. Timmermann, A. and Granger, C.W., 2014. Efficient market hypothesis and forecasting. International Journal of forecasting, 20(1), pp.15-27

Restaurent feasibility report free essay sample

The information has been provided on ‘as is where is’ basis without any warranties or assertions as to the correctness or soundness thereof. Although, due care and diligence has been taken to compile this document, the contained information may vary due to any change in any of the concerned factors, and the actual results may differ substantially from the presented information. SMEDA, its employees or agents do not assume any liability for any financial or other loss resulting from this memorandum in consequence of undertaking this activity. The contained nformation does not preclude any further professional advice. The prospective user of this memorandum is encouraged to carry out additional diligence and gather any information which is necessary for making an informed decision including taking professional advice from a qualified consultant / technical expert before taking any decision to act upon the information. For more information on services offered by SMEDA, please contact our website: www. smeda. org. pk SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) 2. PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT The objective of the pre-feasibility study is primarily to facilitate potential entrepreneurs in project identification for investment. The project pre-feasibility may form the basis of an important investment decision and in order to serve this objective, the document / study covers various aspects of project concept development, start-up, production, marketing, finance and business management. The purpose of this document is to facilitate potential investors in Restaurant Cum Fast Food Restaurant (Take Away) business by providing them with a general understanding of the business with the intention of supporting potential investors in crucial investment decisions. The need to come up with pre-feasibility reports for undocumented or minimally documented sectors attains greater imminence as the research that precedes such reports reveal certain thumb rules; best practices developed y existing enterprises by trial and error, and certain industrial norms that become a guiding source regarding various aspects of business set-up and it’s successful management. Apart from carefully studying the whole document, one must consider critical aspects provided later on, which form basis of any investment decision. 3. INTRODUCTION TO SMEDA The Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority (SMEDA) was established in October 1998 with an objective to provide fresh impetus to the economy through development of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). With a mission to assist in employment generation and value addition to the national income, through development of the SME sector, by helping increase the number, scale and competitiveness of SMEs, SMEDA has carried out ‘sectoral research’ to identify policy, access to finance, business development services, strategic initiatives and institutional collaboration and networking initiatives. Preparation and dissemination of prefeasibility studies in key areas of investment has been a hallmark of SME facilitation by SMEDA. Concurrent to the prefeasibility studies, a broad spectrum of business development services is also offered to the SMEs by SMEDA. These services include identification of experts and consultants and delivery of need based capacity building programs of different types in addition to business guidance through help desk services. SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST 3 Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) Prime Minister’s Youth Business Loan for young entrepreneurs, with an allocated budget of Rs. 5. Billion for the year 2013-14, is designed to provide subsidised financing at 8% mark-up per annum for one hundred thousand (100,000) beneficiaries, by designated financial institutions, initially by National Bank of Pakistan (NBP) and First Women Bank Ltd. (FWBL). Loans from Rs. 0. 1 million to Rs. 2. 0 million, with tenure up to 8 years, inclusive of 1 year grace period and a debt: equity of 90 : 10 will be disbursed to SME beneficiaries across Pakistan, covering; Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwah, Balochistan, Gilgit Baltistan, Azad Jammu Kashmir and Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA). 5. The fast food restaurant is proposed to be established at a location that has a continuous stream of traffic, convenient parking, and is in proximity to other businesses, preferably near densely populated middle income areas or flat complexes. Major cities like Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana, Multan, Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Sialkot, Gujrat, Rawalpindi, Peshawar, Hub and Quetta etc. are suitable to house the project. Common menu items at the proposed fast food outlet include sandwiches, burgers, fried chicken, Chinese soups, Chinese rice variants, French fries, salad and cold drinks. The fast food restaurant will have an installed capacity to serve 335 clients per day; however, the restaurant would initially start business with 140-150 clients. 10 personnel would be required to manage the operations of fast food restaurant. Total Cost Estimates are Rs. 2. 20 million with a fixed investment of Rs. 1. 88 million and an initial working capital requirement of Rs. 0. 32 million. Given the cost assumptions, internal rate of Return (IRR) and payback are 54% and 2. 25 years respectively. The most critical considerations or factors for success of the project are: 1. Choosing the right location for the fast food outlet 2. Creating the right menu and menu pricing 3. Hiring experienced cooks and staff 4. Knowing the competition SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST 4 Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) 6. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT AND PRODUCT Fast food is a name given to food which is prepared with preheated or precooked ingredients and served to customers in a packaged form for take-away or dine in. Many fast-food restaurants operate chains or franchise operations, where standardized foodstuff is shipped to each restaurant from a central location. There are also simpler fast-food outlets, such as stands or kiosks, which may or may not provide seating arrangements for customers. As capital requirements to start a fast-food restaurant are relatively low, individually-owned fast-food restaurants have become popular and common throughout Pakistan. Market growth largely depends on demographics, urbanization, changing lifestyle patterns and demand for convenience. Thus all these variables determine the potential of fast food business. Technology: The proposed setup with used fast food cooking machinery including fryers, grilling machine, soup containers and pre-processing equipment would serve popular fast food and Chinese cuisine. †¢ Location: The business is envisaged to be established as a fast food takeaway/outlet, with limited seating capacity on rented premises/shop of around 500 sqft. , near a densely populated area suitable for fast food. Major cities like Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana, Multan, Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Sialkot, Gujrat, Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Peshawar, Hub or Quetta etc. re suitable to establish the business. †¢ Product: Four popular fast food items, including fried chicken, burgers, sandwiches, Chinese fried rice and soups, have been selected to be served separately or as combo meals through the outlet. The restaurant is proposed to have an installed capacity of serving 335 customer per day but is estimated to start with 140-150 customers per day. †¢ Target Mark et: The middle income segment of major cities such as Karachi, Hyderabad, Sukkur, Larkana, Multan, Lahore, Gujranwala, Faisalabad, Sialkot, Gujrat, Rawalpindi, Islamabad, Peshawar, Hub or Quetta etc. s the target market for the business. Employment Generation: employment to 10 people. The proposed project will provide direct 7. CRITICAL FACTORS Whether an entrepreneur is opening a one-of-a-kind no-frills fast food restaurant or trying to expand an existing fast food outlet into a multi-unit chain, there are SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST 5 Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) winning principles that can improve the chances of success. Some key success factors are as follows: †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Selecting the right location and layout Hiring well experienced staff especially cooks and servers Quality Hygiene Creating the right menu Menu pricing Operational food quality consistency Knowing the competition 8. INSTALLED AND OPERATIONAL CAPACITIES In the fast food restaurant business, the installed capacities are mainly dependant on the location and layout of the outlet, service style, food concept and the target market. The proposed fast food business is envisaged to be established as a take-away outlet with limited seating capacity around it. The restaurant is expected to serve around 335 customers in a day. At start up, the operational capacities are estimated to be around 140-150 clients. Once the fast food gains popularity and acceptance, sales are expected to increase with the same installed capacity. 9. GEOGRAPHICAL POTENTIAL FOR INVESTMENT In recent years, much of the expansion in the fast food business has been in the form of satellite outlets. These tend to be smaller in size, with little or no seating capacity, and are often in nontraditional locations, such as office buildings, department stores, airports, and gasoline stations i. . locations chosen specifically to maximize convenience and consumer accessibility. It is important to find a location that has a continuous stream of traffic, convenient parking, and is in proximity to other businesses or densely populated middle income areas / apartment buildings, where the target market is available. Here are some factors to consider when deciding on a location to e stablish a fast food outlet: †¢ †¢ Anticipated sales volume. Estimate the sales potential of a location. Accessibility and visibility. Consider how easy it will be for customers to get to the outlet. If an entrepreneur is relying on strong pedestrian traffic, it SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST 6 Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) should be considered whether or not nearby businesses will generate foot traffic. †¢ The rent-paying capacity of the business. Sales-and-profit projections give a fair idea of how much revenue can be generated. This information can be used to decide how much rent can be paid. †¢ Restrictive ordinances. Unusually restrictive ordinances can encountered that make an otherwise strong site less than ideal. †¢ Traffic density. Two factors are especially important in this analysis: total pedestrian traffic during business hours and the percentage of it that is likely to patronize the food service business. †¢ Customer parking facilities. The site should provide convenient and adequate parking and easy access for customers. †¢ Proximity to other businesses. Neighboring businesses may influence the fast food’s sales volume, and their presence can have both positive and negative implications. †¢ History of the site. The recent history of each site under consideration should be ascertained before making a final selection. †¢ Terms of the lease. All the details of the lease must be carefully read, as it is possible to encounter unacceptable lease terms for an otherwise excellent site. †¢ Future development. The local Development Authority / Planning Board should be consulted to check if any development is planned for the future that could affect the business, such as bridges, underpasses or any construction restricting accessibility. be 10. POTENTIAL TARGET MARKETS / CUTOMERS The fast food restaurant market is a growing segment in Pakistan relying heavily on the changing lifestyle patterns, population growth of the target age group and increase in employment of women. The fast food consumption has also increased due to increase in the employment rate of male / female population aged between 20 to 45 years (fast food goers). In todays hectic urban lifestyles, demand for convenience dominates all other preferences. People want quick and convenient meals. They do not want to spend a lot of time preparing meals, traveling to pick up meals, or waiting for meals in restaurants. As a result, consumers rely on fast food. However, the major chunk of fast-food goers, the middle income segment, prefers visiting outlets that offer fast food at affordable prices. Fast Food outlets tend to focus on the â€Å"work while you eat† or â€Å"shop while SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST 7 Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) you eat† philosophy and fast food restaurants are rapidly becoming the eateries everyone can agree on, with many featuring menu combos for children, play areas and fancy branding campaigns, designed to appeal to younger customers. 11. PROCESS FLOW The service delivery diagram of the proposed fast food restaurant is as follows. Service Process Drive through customer Place order ? Front desk ? Walk in customer Meal preparation Main course (Grill/Fry meat Fry rice curry Prepare/heat soup Order in queue Takeaway Assembling order Server Sideline preparation SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST Dine-in 8 Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) 12. PROJECT COST SUMMARY A detailed financial model has been developed to analyze the commercial viability of this project. Various costs and revenue related assumptions along with results of the analysis are outlined in this section. The projected Income Statement, Cash Flow Statement and Balance Sheet are attached as annexure. 12. 1 Project Economics The following table shows internal rates of return and payback period for fastfood restaurant starting operations with 140-150 clients. Table 1 Project Economics Description Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Payback Period (yrs) Net Present Value (NPV) Details 54% 2 . 25 years Rs 6,997,879 Returns on the project and its profitability are highly dependent on the location, quality of food and service, efficiency of the service team, interest of the owner manager and competition. 12. 2 Project Financing Following table provides details of the equity required and variables related to bank loan; Table 2 Project Financing Description Total Equity (10%) Bank Loan (90%) Markup to the Borrower (%age/annum) Tenure of the Loan (Years) Grace period (Year) Details Rs. 219,936 Rs. 1,979,428 08% 08 1 SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST 9 Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) 12. 3 Project Cost Following requirements have been identified for operations of the proposed business. Table 3: Capital Investment for the Project Capital Investment Renovation Cost Furniture fixtures Machinery Equipment Advance Rent and Gas Security Deposit (GSD) Preliminary Expenses Total Capital Cost Initial Working Capital Total Project Cost Amount (Rs. ) 233,000 181,250 933,500 505,000 25,000 1,877,750 321,615 2,199,365 12. 4 Space Requirement The land requirement is around 500 sqft. It is recommended that the fast food outlet be opened on the ground floor of flat complexes or shopping malls or any other area with high retail consumer traffic. As per the proposed service style, the floor space needs to be carefully allocated to allow for maximum space for food preparation and store. The allocation of space between different sections would be as follows: Table 4: Space Requirement Space Requirement (in ft. ) Kitchen and preparation Store Front desk/reception Waiting area Total Area Area (Sqft. ) 350 100 25 25 500 Cost of Renovation Amount (Rs. ) 175,000 30,000 20,500 7,500 233,000 The proposed premise would be acquired on rental basis with 3 months deposit and 3 months advance rent after which, rent will be payable every month. The monthly rent is estimated at approximately Rs. 85 / Sq. feet amounting to Rs. 42,500 per month for the proposed fast food outlet (500 Sq Ft. ). The premise renovation costs of Rs. 233,000/- would be depreciated at the rate of 10% per annum using diminishing balance method. SMEDA Services / Information related to PM’s Youth Business Loan are FREE OF COST 0 Pre-Feasibility Study Restaurant Cum Fast Food (Take Away) 12. 5 Machinery and Equipment Fast-food machines are easily available in the local market but the entrepreneur also has the choice to select from international brands such as Spinzer, Frymaster, Henny Penny, Lincoln, Ayrking, Keating, Mirror, Carpigiani, Lincat, Morretti, Ilsa, Round-Up, Sanyo, Elettrobar etc. Chinese brands have gained popularity over the years and can also be considered. The machines can be purchased through international vendors with a minimum delivery period of 3 months while refurbished / reconditioned machines are also available. There is also an option to procure used machines from closing outlets but the durability and reliability factor must be taken into consideration while buying such machines. The typical fast food restaurant as outlined above would require the following machine / equipment for its operations: Table 5: List of Machinery and Equipment Description Freezers (12 cf. ) Broast Machine (15 Pound Capacity) Deep Well Fryer (Single Valve With 2 Baskets) Hot Plate for Burgers, Kebab, Sandwiches (30x22) Bin Marry Soup Container (2 Valve With Steel Cabinet) Potato Cutter (8mm) Peeler (4. 5 Kg Potato Peeling Capacity) Microwave Generator 1. 5 kva It is essential to hire experienced cooks, trained in operating fast food machinery for the project. The proposed project would need a total of 10 persons to handle the fast food operations. Salaries of all employees are estimated to increase at the rate of 10% annually. 12. 9 Revenue Generation The Sales are expected to increase by 12% every year. The 12% annual increase in revenue is expected to result from a part increase in customer traffic and part increase in product price. The prices used to calculate the gross revenue earned are based on the billing rate at which the entrepreneur will charge the customer.

Goals of Higher Education free essay sample

Goals of higher education, university of my choice Living in the modern world, one cannot but face with a neÃ' essity of getting higher education. Thus, if you want to be a respected part of society, you are to have a degree. However there are a lot of people who tend to think that this kind of studies is not for them as school education is quite enough. Well, what are the goals of higher education? And do people really need it? To give some facts I’d like to mention that due to the statistics, our country stands at the first place in the world in the number of people who have higher education with 54 % people graduated from the university. It’s very impressive though. So, what were the aims of all these people? Definitely, everybody is looking for the advantages one can take of it. And frankly speaking there are plenty of them. We will write a custom essay sample on Goals of Higher Education or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In my opinion, one of the most important goals of higher education is providing society with highly qualified manpower in order to strengthen particular sector of domestic and world economy as well as other spheres of social life. Hence graduates have more chances to get a well-paid job and higher position in the field he or she interested in. Secondly, being educated in a certain realm gives you an opportunity to become an expert in a wide range of problems. Consequently, another goal of higher education is cultural enlightment. What is more, university or college really matters when we are talking about self-determination. Thus, it helps one to gain independence by realizing what he or she is good at. Sometimes school leavers enter higher education institution without knowing whether they really want to study this or that. However, with every passing year there, their desires become specified and they discover more and more opportunities to become useful for their local as well as world communities. Once I realized that higher education is vital for me, there was a problem what university to enter. However the number of universities offering studies in the field of international affairs in our country is quite limited and I had to choose between two cities, Volgograd where I was born and Samara that was quite near to my place. Finally, I made up my mind to study in Samara State University and I’ve never regretted it yet. It is a classical multi-faculty university and a leading educational institution of higher education in the region. What is more important for me, it offers a great platform for students who are interested in carrying an individual research. Highly qualified scientific advisors are ready to help us and provide with essential literature whenever we need it. Moreover the conferences held in our university give the youth opportunity to be heard and noticed as a lot of experts visit them. All things considered, we can notice that all the goals of higher education are to improve the quality of life in this or that way. Although, a lot of people are aware of all these advantages they prefer to limit themselves with school education. The point is that we shouldn’t forget that improvement of the quality of our life is about everybody. Therefore, it’s obvious that the more people have higher education, the better life we have. And the only choice you should make is what university to enter but in no case to keep studying after school or not. That’s out of question.

Pope Urban II Odo of Lagny

Pope Urban II Odo of Lagny Pope Urban II was known for beginning the Crusade Movement, instigating with his call to arms at the Council of Clermont. Urban also continued and expanded on the reforms of Gregory VII, and helped the papacy become a stronger political unit. Urban studied at Soissons and then at Reims, where he became archdeacon, before becoming a monk and retiring to Cluny. There he became prior, and after only a few years was sent to Rome to assist Pope Gregory VII in his attempts at reform. He proved invaluable to the pope, and was made a Cardinal and served as a papal legate. Upon Gregorys death in 1085 he served his successor, Victor II ​until Victor died. He was then elected pope in March 1088, and influenced affairs throughout France, Italy, Europe, and the Holy Land. Also known as:  Odo of Chà ¢tillon-sur-Marne, Odon of Chà ¢tillon-sur-Marne, Eudes of Chà ¢tillon-sur-Marne, Odo of Lagery, Otho of Lagery, Odo of Lagny Important Dates Born: c. 1035Elected Pope: March 12, 1088Speech at Council of Clermont: Nov. 27, 1095Died: July 29, 1099 The Pontificate of Urban II As pope, Urban had to deal with the antipope Clement III and the ongoing Investiture Controversy. He was successful in asserting his legitimacy as pope, but his reform policies did not take thorough hold throughout Europe. He did, however, establish a softer stance on the Investiture Controversy that would later make a resolution possible. Long aware of the difficulties pilgrims had been having in the Holy Land, Urban used Emperor Alexius Comnenos call for help as the basis for calling Christian knights to arms in the First Crusade. Urban also called together several important church councils, including those at Piacenza, Clermont, Bari, and Rome, passing notable reform legislation. Sources Butler, Richard U.  Pope Bl. Urban II.  The Catholic Encyclopedia.  Vol. 15.  New York: Robert Appleton Company,  1912. Halsall, Paul. â€Å"Medieval Sourcebook: Urban II (1088-1099): Speech at Council of Clermont, 1095, Five Versions of the Speech.†Ã‚  Internet History Sourcebooks Project, Fordham University, Dec. 1997.

Causes and Effects of teenage abortion in the USA Research Paper

Causes and Effects of teenage abortion in the USA - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that each year in the United States, approximately 750,000 teenagers between the ages of fourteen and nineteen become pregnant. Of this number, an average 200,000 teenagers a year seek an abortion. As more teenagers find themselves becoming pregnant, more are finding ways to avoid the responsibility of parenthood at such a young age. Unfortunately, not only do the excuses for obtaining abortions continue to rise, but so does the number of young pregnant females obtaining an abortion. As with any physical damage to one’s body, though, abortion comes with its consequences. Pregnant teenage females often seek abortions when their pregnancies are a result of rape or date rape. Rape is the forcing of sexual intercourse by one person on another. More often than not, rape is administered by a complete stranger, though there have been many cases of friends, extended relatives, teachers, and even church officials raping and impregnating young women. Date rape, on the other hand, is rape that is administered usually after the female has been drugged or otherwise made unconscious. This form of rape is often done by someone that the female knows well, like a friend or even a boyfriend. However, there are some men that drug women they do not know while at a party or a gathering and then invite them out to a place where the rape occurs. Date rape generally takes place while the female is spending time with the potential rapist, like on a date, hence its name.... Similar to rape, incest often comes without the consent of the other person. Sexual abuse can also be brought on by a male family member, but the teenager can also face sexual abuse from her boyfriend or a close male friend. The primary factor in both incest and sexual abuse is that the teenager had no say in the engaging of sexual intercourse. Unfortunately, physical violence can also be administered during the process of the abuse, rendering the teenager helpless to get away. There are many reasons that a teenager gets an abortion as a result of incest or sexual abuse. The first reason is simply because the pregnancy was due to incest and the teenager does not want to keep the baby who was fathered by someone that she is related to. The teenager might also abort to avoid revealing that a family member had gotten her pregnant. They want to avoid the shame that comes with such a confession, even though they had no part in what took place; they might also have been threatened to keep it a secret, and might not have a choice of whether or not to abort. Likewise, if the teenager was sexually abused by her boyfriend, she does not want to keep a baby that was created by force with someone that she loved and trusted. Another reason is because many children that are conceived out of incest often have physical deformities or mental illnesses. Teenagers abort for this reason as they do not want the responsibility of raising a baby that might be sick and need special attention and care. Promiscuity Promiscuity is when a person has many sexual relationships, which makes up a large percentage of pregnant teenagers at any given time in the United States. Many of

Competition among Hospitals for HMO Business Case Study

Competition among Hospitals for HMO Business - Case Study Example The independent variables are: an index of relative hospital prices for HMO business in each market (price); high tech-capability; teaching status (teaching or non-teaching); ownership status (non-profit, for-profit, or public); and location. To provide answer to the second research question, that is, to account for the effect of the structure of the hospital market on market share, three variables were added: no. of hospitals in the market, no. of HMOs in the market, and the HMO penetration rate. For both price and non-price attributes, the regression test pointed to an effect on market share variables. Hospitals with lower prices had a bigger share of HMO business. The more high-tech a hospital was, the greater the share in the HMO business. Teaching hospitals were more preferred by HMOs than non-teaching ones. On the effect of ownership: on average, nonprofit and public hospitals had less market share than for-profit ones.

History about African American Baseball Research Paper

History about African American Baseball - Research Paper Example Thesis statement: The history of the African American baseball proves the significance of the same as an innovative mode of protest against racism, segregation and marginalization (special references to the origin, growth and development of African American Baseball). The origin of African American baseball The history of African American Baseball is interconnected with the formation of Colored Union Club and Pythian Club in 1860s (in Brooklyn and Philadelphia, respectively). But these African American Baseball teams were considered as amateur teams. One can see that professionalism in African American Baseball begins in 1880s, with the formation of a number of all-black teams, like Cuban Giants. To be specific, in 1800s, formation of the amateur and the professional baseball teams divided the African American baseball into two. As pointed out, the decision of National Association of Base Ball Players limited the growth and development of African American Baseball into professionalis m. Dreifort states that â€Å"Discrimination, bigotry, fear, and violence dogged black players and restricted their opportunities and progress in organized baseball† (62). Later, the decision taken by the African Americans to form all black teams was considered as the first step to fight against the barrier of racism. Growth of African American baseball

Links Between Language and Culture

Links Between Language and Culture The objective of my research My research is based on understanding about how culture is linked to language and verse-visa. This topic wonders me sometimes; I was unable to get a better understanding. I know it is very confusing, hard to understand as people always argue about it and limited of resources to actually find out about the truth. There are too many researchers giving different interpretation and perceptions about language and culture. I am very curious and interested in giving my own opinion and do some research of what has been described liked before. I hope that my reader will have bigger picture. The context of my article is as follows: Jump to: The differences between language and culture How language and culture connects with each other? How language interacts with culture? How language interacts with context? How words are extracted from culture? How phrases are extracted from culture? (example of the Mayas)(Chinese words or characters) Why culture and language is important? Biography The difference between language and culture Language is a form of communication that is used by human beings and animals. Through this communication, is used through either none and verbal communication. Studying just language can be classify as phonology and grammar where phonology represents sounds which has different sets of phonemes that makes understand and learn the proper pronunciation. Grammar can further be categorized as morphology which combing sounds and morphemes are sounds combined in larger units used in making a normal speech. Non communication is another type of communication that includes facial expressions, tone of voice, sense of smell, sense of touch, and body motions. Language is always argued but it is said that language is a component of culture because much of the rest of it normally transmitted orally. Its impossible to understand the subtle nuances and deep meaning of another culture without knowing its language well. Culture gives the perceptions of identification within a society, where we are identifying individually or group. Language influences our culture and the way how we think as most people say that language is part of our culture because its the way how we used and see it within our environment, therefore its the way how we interpret it because anthropologies found out that it depends how people identify or categorize things in the environment and that provides important insights into the interests, concerns, and values of their culture. It influence our language because from since we were born, we have our first language, the language we are the language we were thought this comes from our parents generation, therefore our native language is part of our identity and which tells us more about our culture. Like for example, in Belize, there are three kinds of Mayas existing, namely Mopan, Kekchi, and the Yucate, but the big question always rose as to how we differentiate ourselves. We identify ourselves by the language we speak, the culture we are living, our beliefs, although some things are simila r but we have different approaches of doing things. Language is all about culture and culture is all about language, because this is main basic product of human, then human uses language to communicate with this then commutation brings the culture to the society. For example as mentioned culture is a product of language and language is a product of culture therefore these interpretation how the world see language and culture and to assume culture is to know a culture is knowing a language. Its not necessarily that one should know a culture or must know the culture, in my personal opinion it there must be something that should be known, because this relates each other. For example, I am in Taiwan studying, I do know little about their language, and little about their culture which fits to know the reality about the people and the environment. While others do know about the culture but know a little or none about the language. Nevertheless with further research I found out about an article published in 1990 by the world declaration on education for all (WDEFA) mentioning literacy in the mother tongue strengthens cultural identity and heritage. Based on my understanding, since language relates to each other, any mother tongue language spoken should be maintained so keep up the culture meaning that that language should be readable and writable. Comparing and looking at the history of the Mayas, the most interesting part of Maya is there writing systems, like their pictograph the picture images with universal meaning, ideographic-picture image with arbitrary meanings, logograph which is the units in writing representing whole words, syllable units represent syllables and alphabet units representing sounds that are How language and culture connects with each other? Language and culture are connected in several other intricate and dynamic ways. The language is a product of culture and simultaneously the culture is shaped by how the language allows us to view it. In any kind of language things are view differently but it must orient in a friendly manner. The background of most inhabitants of a culture are similar because we centuries ago we tend to hear the same stories that were said. Language connects culture in many ways, through changing the needs and trends in culture, For example words and expressions maybe needed to express concept that are been discovered or even been invented. These discovery or inventions are used in everyday life. Since culture describes the way live and think while language shows the way we speak and express ourselves becomes changeable from time to time and places, for example, there are some words that described or distinguish people living in rural or urban areas. On the other hand some words used mean the opposite in different places; both can have a positive or negative point of view so there particularly these happen due to changes in culture. How language interacts with context? Context is a notion used in the language science (linguistics, sociolinguistics, discourse analaysisi, pragmatics, semiotics) in two different ways namely as verbal and social context Verbal context referes to surrounding text or talk of an expression(word sentence conversational turn, speech act ext) influences the way we understand the expression Social context were defined in terms of objective social variables such as those of class gebder or race more rescently, tend to be defined interms of social indentity being construed and displayes in text and talk by languages uses Language interacting with context form are extremely difficult to delineate because sometimes things are hard to differentiate especially when deciding whether certain things belongs to a culture and also when making decision The context of culture is language socialization, ths merges ti the communication practices with the context of culture. Studying the language perspective is the pursuit of cultural underpinning thea give meaning to the communication interaction between expert and novice member within and cross contexts of situation. Researchers theorize about culture within different theoretical frameworks, looking culture to which includes bodies of knowledge, structures and of understanding, concepts of the world, and collective representation which are extrinsic to any individual and contain more information that any individual could know or learn. How words are extracted from culture? Extracting words from culture are the most difficult to describe because culture concentrates from various aspects of human life and history. An example of words extracted from culture is tequila as that is essence of Mexico which symbolizes its culture. The other article that I had read is about the Chinese folk model of facial expressions which was analyzed at linguistic perspective view. This research was provides how facial expression are perceived and interpreted by people in the Chinese language. Also the findings are about how facial is encoded from culture view of perceptions and conceptions of a face which are not commonly reflects in the English language Let me continue about how the Mayas got their words. The Mayas spoke many languages as well and the languages are transcribed via hieroglyphs and other written on substances. They painted their words on bark paper that has disintegrated, while just two were presumed to be prestigious forms of the Maya language which were said to be from southern area and one from the Yucatan peninsula, Epigraphy, which means writing on something, refers to writing on an enduring substance like stone. As such, it was impressed, inscribed, or chiseled rather than written with the stylus or reed pen applied to ordinarily decaying media like paper and papyrus. Common topics of epigraphy include epitaphs, dedications, honors, laws, and magisterial registers The Rosetta Stone, which is housed in the British Museum, is a black, possibly basalt slab with three languages on it (Greek, demotic and hieroglyphs) each saying the same thing. Because the words are translated into the other languages, the Rosetta Stone provided a key to understanding Egyptian hieroglyphs As the origins of the Maya languages are rose in the western hemisphere from three major families, then splitted into dialects, as the time changes, the languages were changing too and became distinct. There were words, vocabulary that reflects importance things in every culture, most of the time one word can having different meanings in different cultures. The language structure of the mayas sounds similar, while the features difference in meanings based on sounds namely pitch of vowels, glottalization of consonants, glottal stop. The history studied mention that when the Spanish developed the roman alphabet for the maya language they ignored glottal and tone distinctions. The maya language is considered to be polysynthetic referring to one complex word expressed many ideas and the word order are structured as verb-object-subject or verb subject. There is no femine and masculine pronouns but prefixes signal the genders for example naixil Few researchers like Woodbury view the purpose of languages that its linked to essential cultural content. He first described what can be transmitted and interpreted by the native speaker is more complete than if another language is used to convey the same message. For example the use of directional in Man and other Mayan languages is a linguistic trait which conveys and decisive meanings besides the idea of direction. These speakers can communicate and comprehend the metaphorical ideas that are added to messages. Secondly he describe that if a group of people loses their native language, their cultural heritage is also lost. Another example will be some of the Chinese words linking to Chinese culture and beliefs. Like for example a wedding cards that are designed, it is design in a traditional that refers to good blessing, a drawing or a word written or a Chinese character ?on the card signifies blessing, unlimited fortune and happiness. Chinese characters usually have one or more meanings and some of them are particularly loved by Chinese people. Here is the top ten list of the lucky ones. Fu Blessing, Good Fortune, Good Luck Fu is one of the most popular Chinese characters used in Chinese New Year. It is often posted upside down on the front door of a house or an apartment. The upside down fu means good luck came since the character for upsite down in Chinese sounds the same as the character for came. Lu Prosperity It used to mean officials salary in feudal China. Fengshui is believed to be the Chinese way to health, wealth and happiness. If you are interested in Fengshui, you may check out the book The Feng Shui Kit. Shou Longevity Shou also means life, age or birthday. Xi Happiness Double happiness is usually posted everywhere on Chinese weddings. Cai wealth, money Chinese often say money can make a ghost turn a millstone. It is to say money really can do a lot of things. He harmonious People harmony is an important part of Chinese culture. When you have harmonious relations with others, things will be a lot easier for you. Ai love, affection Dont need to say any more about this one. Just want to point out ai is often used with mianzi together. Aimianzi means be concerned about ones face-saving. Mei beautiful, pretty The United States of American is called Mei Guo in the short form. Guo means country so Meiguo is a good name. Ji lucky, auspicious, propitious Hope all is well. De virtue, moral De means virtue, moral, heart, mind, and kindness, etc. It is also used in the name for Germany, i.e., De Guo. How phrases are extracted from culture? Phrases are extracted from culture that express or expand imagination of a reader and a listener Why culture and language is important? Culture is so important because these practices can continue to be passing on to generations to generation and younger generation will be able to see and read about what had existed long ago. This refers to practices of beliefs, religion, lifestyle, or traditions and festivals and this is what makes a community representing culture. Any culture represents the principle of an individuals life because it is so unique for this counts the attitudes, personality, and other behavior characteristics. While language is main tool used every day, be it different dialect, it still makes us survive. This is the only we can communicate or spread ideas from one to another. Therefore language make us identify ourselves of who we are and while culture describe what we do. Language and culture is so important when doing business, presently in most parts of the world things are quite good because they interact with each other and by being successful each country needs to understand the different languages and most of all needs to know the general background of a countrys culture. The main advantage of being able to speak another language is that it allows easy communication among each other. Therefore learning another language gives us deeper understand of the culture, gives sensitivity to have us maintain strong relationships. Biography I am the second child of Mr. and Mrs. Cresencio Cho Sr. born on September 11 in a lovely village named San Antonio Village, Toledo District, Belize. My primary school days were great; I enjoyed it a lot and earned few awards. My secondary education was quite challenging but I still made it through with the help of my parents. After completing my high school, I began working as receptionist at a resort, cashier at the one of the high schools cafeteria in southern Belize, then became interested in teaching, did three years of elementary teaching under the Catholic mission, then decide to change my career. I apply for a scholarship with the international cooperation development fund of Taiwan and I was fortunate to receive it, and thats how I came to Taiwan, Presently, I am a senior student, majoring in business administration. My hobbies are cooking, chatting, singing, listening to music, and sewing, meeting new friends. I love travelling, since 3 years living in Taiwan, I love the country, environment, the convenience it has and of course the people who are always welcoming. I became interested in taking this class with professor Blundell, language and culture, I really enjoyed the content of the class, especially in sharing his experience, this motivate me that I want to experience the same if I get the opportunity although my major is business. I mostly enjoyed the outing arrangement, visiting the museum, this make the class more interesting getting to know more about Taiwans culture especially to learn about the indigenous people. Learning about the indigenous people of Taiwan makes me compare my cultural background, I belong to the indigenous group of my country Belize known as the Mayas, particularly I belong to the Mopan Maya group, Belize has three types of Mayas, the Mopan, the Ketchi, the Yucate. From what I observe and learn, we do have some similarities in our lifestyles. The only difference is the way how live, because like for example, ancestral objects can still be seen, the offerings, the beliefs, This class is very beneficial, if theres another similar course as this one, I will be more than interested to learn more. I am willing to share my knowledge based on what I have seen, I have heard what I have learned, what I personally experience being here for four years.

National Debt :: Argumentative Economics Economy Papers

National Debt I agree with what was said above. The debt although large will never need to be paid off. Cutting off social services in the government is not and will not solve the problem it will only prolong it. The social government shutdown that went in effect at 12:00a.m. monday night does not solve a thing. It only cuts what some people desperately need to servive. True this will save our government some money, but not near enough to erase the debt. Mr. Clinton came into office wanting to make health care affordable for all. Mrs. Clinton made a name for herself trying to get her health care plans passed. Now they turn around and pull this shutdown. I realize the shutdown is not all his falt, but he is the President and he should get negotiations moving in a positive direction. Our government needs to start comprimising both sides of the proposals. Democratic and Republican ideas need to be combined in order to get something passed that will work. If the governme! nt is so concerned with the national debt then they need to work something out instead of just dragging the problem out with the parshall gov't shutdown. My proposal to some of the national debt is to start selling some of the items in our stock houses. I once saw 60 minutes do a piece on the stock houses. It amazed me on how many items we have in surplus. You see, the gov't buys articles off of businesses when they need them during a war time production. After the war is over though, the gov't continues to purchase the same amount of goods even though we don't need them. This allows the business who sells the product to keep their head above water and profit a little which in turn allows the workers to have more money and purchase more goods. This is nice of our gov't to do this, but the surplus items should be used or sold to Americas

Anti Depressants: An Overview

We must limit the number of young children who are administered antidepressants, as we do not have sufficient, if any, data regarding the effects of these drugs on the developing brain. Greater involvement from parents, teachers, ministers, and friends, as well as counseling and psychotherapy must all be used extensively before turning to the â€Å"quick fix† of antidepressants. In the last ten years, the psychiatric field has been flooded with a new group of antidepressants known as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, or SSRIs. Michele Laraia defines an SSRI as â€Å"a group of compounds that block the reuptake of serotonin by the pre synaptic neuron† (6). By adjusting the level of serotonin, the mood-altering chemical which our body naturally creates, that reaches the brain, we can control the stability of a person's mood. Tania Unsworth writes that â€Å"almost 600,000 children and adolescents in the US were prescribed SSRI antidepressants in 1996† (1). A more alarming statistic, reported by Joseph Coyle, is that â€Å"there has been a 10-fold increase in the prescription of SSRIs in the US for children under 5 years old between 1993 and 1997† (1). Parents, teachers, and psychiatrists across the country seem a little too anxious to jump on the antidepressant bandwagon. Apparently, many people are willing to turn first to the quick fix of drugs rather than the more time consuming approach of counseling and psychotherapy, although these have proven to be much more effective in the long run (McDougle 1). The most common reason for the prescription of an antidepressant is depression. Until about ten years ago, depression was thought to be nonexistent in children. Depression is now found, using the same criteria used for adults, to be unquestionably diagnosable in children (Fishbein 1). Joyce Price notes that â€Å"the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry puts the number of significantly depressed children and adolescents at 3.4 million† (1). The consequences of depression for children include social dysfunction, academic underachievement, impaired self-image, and suicidal and anti-social behavior (Laraia 1). Depression is also commonly linked to other problems such as conduct disorder, attention deficit disorder, and anxiety disorder. In a survey done by Judith Asch-Goodkin, she reports that â€Å"of over 600 physicians surveyed, more than half (57%) had prescribed an SSRI for a diagnosis other than depression† (1). In some cases, of course, medication is really necessary in order to correct a persisting disorder or complex which, if left untreated, would continue to grow. However, in young children, drug use should be reserved for a final remedy, and even then used with great moderation. The problem with most prescriptions given to children is that these drugs are used simply as a quick fix. Claudia Kalb writes that â€Å"experts say frustrated parents, agitated day-care workers and 10-minute pediatric visits all contribute to quick fixes for emotional and behavioral problems† (1). Parents seem too eager to find an â€Å"excuse† for their child's behavior. The easiest excuse for a parent to digest is the suggestion that their child has a natural chemical imbalance, correctable by medication. This helps to put the parents mind at ease, assuring them that it is not their fault. In most cases the parents are so relived to find out that their child's condition is not their fault that they do not bother to look into other ways of helping their child; instead they put their trust in their doctor and do whatever he first suggests. Of course, the scariest thing about giving an antidepressant to a child is that less than 20 percent of the drugs used in children have been tested on children (Price 2). As a matter of fact, none of the drugs which fall in the category of an SSRI have been tested on children. However, since the FDA has approved them for use in adults, doctors can legally prescribe them to children (Crowley 1). The courts have always left drug treatment to the physician's â€Å"best judgment† (Fisher 1). In fact, Rhoda Fisher states that â€Å"prescribing physicians do not need any scientific proof that a particular drug is effective for the patient they have in mind to treat† (1). In addition, general practitioners and pediatricians do not, for the most part, have the psychiatric knowledge necessary for the prescribing of antidepressants. Determining which medication to use and when to use it can be a confusing task for these doctors (McDougle 1). Without the proper education, prescribing an antidepressant can be a shot in the dark. Rebecca Voelker found in a study of over 600 family physicians and pediatricians that â€Å"72% had prescribed an SSRI for a patient younger than 18 years. Yet only 8% of the physicians said they had received adequate training in the management of childhood depression, and just 16% said they felt comfortable treating children for depression† (182). Surely some method of regulating which physicians can prescribe antidepressants can be established. Furthermore, the vast majority of evidence, so far, suggests that antidepressants do not help childhood depression (Price 1). The body of a child grows far too rapidly for the drug level to remain constant in their body. Fisher goes on to put it more bluntly in saying that â€Å"in view of their negative side effects and clearly demonstrated lack of therapeutic effectiveness, it is inappropriate to treat the younger segment of the population with antidepressant medications† (2). Almost 80 percent of children who are put on medications were referred to doctors for school problems, yet antidepressants have been proven to be ineffective in treating school problems or nebulous behavior problems (Asch-Goodkin 1). Once again, another case where frustration in a child's behavior is put above the child himself. A quick and easy answer to everything does not always exsist. With no empirical evidence to support drug treatment in young children, many could argue that it is not only dange rous but unethical as well. Even in cases where medication is absolutely necessary, psychotherapy should always be a big part of the treatment. The goal of the medication should be to help the child learn to deal with their condition, hopefully drug-free at some point. Too many times the medication is used as the sole treatment. Christopher J. McDougle points out that † the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, the AACAP, recommends psychotherapy as the initial treatment for mild to moderate depression† (1). He goes on to say that â€Å"the AACAP notes that SSRIs are never sufficient as the sole treatment† (2). It has been proven time and time again that most children are just reaching out and need an adult to show actual one-on-one attention to them. This is why psychotherapy is so very important. Children need that human contact. Of course, the primary concern in treating children with antidepressants is that we have absolutely no data on how these drugs affect the long-term brain development (Kalb 2). We are shoveling pills into the mouths of little children whose bodies and minds are at the most sensitive stages of their development, and we do not even know how these drugs will affect that. The pharmaceutical companies remain as the major funding sources for the study of various drugs and their effects on the body (Allen 6). The problem is that the law only requires them to test the drugs on adults. After that, it is up to the physicians who prescribe them. Allen explains their lack of ambition in pursuing such tests by claiming that â€Å"there is little incentive for the industry to conduct premarketing or post-marketing controlled treatment trials in children, since they are very expensive and raise liability concerns† (6). What is the key word here? Money. The pharmaceutical companies are not wil ling to shell out the extra money no matter what the costs. In his studies, McDougle found that â€Å"children and adolescents are more likely to have behavioral side effects; younger children being the most vulnerable† (5). Common side effects that are popular with younger patients are gastrointestinal distress, nausea, and anorexia (McDougle 3). Others common side effects are headaches, tremors, jitteriness, and nervousness (McDougle 3). Also, for some children hypomania, mania, and psychosis have all occurred (McDougle 4). On the other side of the mania disorders are the many different sleep disorders caused by these drugs. McDougle†s studies go on to show that â€Å"SSRIs, like virtually all antidepressants, alter sleep architecture, decreasing total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and the total duration of rapid-eye movement sleep† (3). The result of this is children who suffer daytime sedation, insomnia, and vivid, frightening dreams. In one of McDougle†s study groups, 42 percent had wild, vivid dreams that resul ted in the subjects injuring themselves enough to require hospitalization (5). Another concern, reported by Rhoda Fisher, is the scattered cases of children dying â€Å"suddenly and unexpectedly† (2). This may be linked to Serotonin Syndrome, a condition which can be derived from just one seronergic agent (McDougle 5). Children suffering from Serotonin Syndrome will experience fever, muscular rigidity, and a drastic mental status change. Also, they may be affected by hyper pyrexia (temperature above 105 degrees farenheight)mandating aggressive cooling, muscular paralysis, and intubation (McDougle 3). The time has come when we must demand that the pharmaceutical companies, physicians, and psychiatrists be better regulated. The changes made would be minimal but their outcome would be incomparable to anything else. Certainly, we must protect the health and the rights of young people who may not be able to do so for themselves. Medication is just a part, and a small part at that, of the therapeutic process. All options outside of medication should be thoroughly exercised before moving on to the next phase. Parents, teachers, and ministers must first do their part before recommending a child for professional care. After that, strict regulations must be put on doctors and psychiatrists to ensure that only those knowledgeable enough to prescribe antidepressants to children can do so. Furthermore, the pharmaceutical companies must be forced to test their products on any age group that might have access to these drugs. It is critical to the future of our society that we stop drugging are youth and look for more natural approaches.

Free Essays on The Jewlery

The story of â€Å"The Jewelry† by Guy De Maupassant dealt with a man named Monsieur who was cheated on his wife by Madam Lantin. Maupassant Monsieur loved his wife who was from a small country town. While she had meat with many wealthy families, the beautiful and then young Madam Lantin had given her hand in marriage to Monsieur, who was exuberated with excitement. Mr. Maupassant showed how the husband in this marriage, like many other men out there, is foolish and blinded by love. There were many context clues that Maupassant had incorporated into the story trying to give clues to the reader that not all good was going on in Monsieur and Madam Lantin’s household. On page nine, beginning of the fourth paragraph, â€Å"She ruled his home with an economy so adroit that they really seemed to live in luxury.† When, a woman/male has control of the relationship and it isn’t mutual, there is bond to be something going on in the relationship. Monsieur had let her have total control of their life-style. Monsieur was blind with love. Page nine, beginning of paragraph three stated Monsieur Lantin’s salary, â€Å"M. Lantin, who was then chief clerk in the office of the Minister of the Interior, with a salary of thirty-five hundred francs a year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  that statement there also goes on to the next clue that Mr. Guy De Maupassant tries to imply of her adultery. Madam Lantin had bought many â€Å"false jewelry†. Maupassant stated her interest in dress or materialistic views. Page nine, middle of paragraph nine, â€Å"But she got into the habit of suspending in her pretty ears two big cut pebbles, fashioned in imitation of diamonds; and she wore necklaces of false pearls, bracelets of false gold, and haircombs studded with paste-imitations of precious stones.† If the daughter of a poor, respectable country-tutor, why need all those fake materialistic items. Then Maupassant reinstating the fact that Madam Lantin wasn’t the ... Free Essays on The Jewlery Free Essays on The Jewlery The story of â€Å"The Jewelry† by Guy De Maupassant dealt with a man named Monsieur who was cheated on his wife by Madam Lantin. Maupassant Monsieur loved his wife who was from a small country town. While she had meat with many wealthy families, the beautiful and then young Madam Lantin had given her hand in marriage to Monsieur, who was exuberated with excitement. Mr. Maupassant showed how the husband in this marriage, like many other men out there, is foolish and blinded by love. There were many context clues that Maupassant had incorporated into the story trying to give clues to the reader that not all good was going on in Monsieur and Madam Lantin’s household. On page nine, beginning of the fourth paragraph, â€Å"She ruled his home with an economy so adroit that they really seemed to live in luxury.† When, a woman/male has control of the relationship and it isn’t mutual, there is bond to be something going on in the relationship. Monsieur had let her have total control of their life-style. Monsieur was blind with love. Page nine, beginning of paragraph three stated Monsieur Lantin’s salary, â€Å"M. Lantin, who was then chief clerk in the office of the Minister of the Interior, with a salary of thirty-five hundred francs a year†¦Ã¢â‚¬  that statement there also goes on to the next clue that Mr. Guy De Maupassant tries to imply of her adultery. Madam Lantin had bought many â€Å"false jewelry†. Maupassant stated her interest in dress or materialistic views. Page nine, middle of paragraph nine, â€Å"But she got into the habit of suspending in her pretty ears two big cut pebbles, fashioned in imitation of diamonds; and she wore necklaces of false pearls, bracelets of false gold, and haircombs studded with paste-imitations of precious stones.† If the daughter of a poor, respectable country-tutor, why need all those fake materialistic items. Then Maupassant reinstating the fact that Madam Lantin wasn’t the ...

Free Essays on Independent Farming Verses Working For An Agribusiness Company

Independent Farming Versus Working for an Agribusiness Company Majoring in Agriculture gives one the opportunity to make a career decision to choose to be an independent farmer or to join a noted agribusiness company. One will have to consider the pro’s of owning a farm and working for a noted agribusiness company. On the hand, both career choices have con’s as well. Due to the importance of the decision, one will have to take time to make the best possible choice for the individual. Looking at a career as an independent farmer, one will have the opportunity to own a farm and not have to work for someone else. Owning a farm gives one a material object to leave to other family members. One will not have to answer to others, when making a business decision. When purchasing and operating a farm, one will have to make financially pressing decisions. However all the of the opportunities that come with along with the job of being an independent farmer, will give the farmer the motivation to work harder and be successful. Compared to being an independent farmer, working for a noted agribusiness will give one more clout and be less stressful financially. The noted agribusiness company will be able to provide the employee with insurance, benefits, a retirement plan, and vacation time. The individual will not be directly responsible for the financial responsibility of the business. In some situations, one’s perception of a business man’s clout is higher than that of an independent farmer. After one has analyzed all the rewards of both career choices, one will be able to consider the down falls of being an independent farmer or working for a noted agribusiness company. An independent farmer will be working hard, long hours. The stress level of an independent farmer will also be high due to finances, weather conditions, crop prices and many other factors related to farming. Agribusiness company employees do not... Free Essays on Independent Farming Verses Working For An Agribusiness Company Free Essays on Independent Farming Verses Working For An Agribusiness Company Independent Farming Versus Working for an Agribusiness Company Majoring in Agriculture gives one the opportunity to make a career decision to choose to be an independent farmer or to join a noted agribusiness company. One will have to consider the pro’s of owning a farm and working for a noted agribusiness company. On the hand, both career choices have con’s as well. Due to the importance of the decision, one will have to take time to make the best possible choice for the individual. Looking at a career as an independent farmer, one will have the opportunity to own a farm and not have to work for someone else. Owning a farm gives one a material object to leave to other family members. One will not have to answer to others, when making a business decision. When purchasing and operating a farm, one will have to make financially pressing decisions. However all the of the opportunities that come with along with the job of being an independent farmer, will give the farmer the motivation to work harder and be successful. Compared to being an independent farmer, working for a noted agribusiness will give one more clout and be less stressful financially. The noted agribusiness company will be able to provide the employee with insurance, benefits, a retirement plan, and vacation time. The individual will not be directly responsible for the financial responsibility of the business. In some situations, one’s perception of a business man’s clout is higher than that of an independent farmer. After one has analyzed all the rewards of both career choices, one will be able to consider the down falls of being an independent farmer or working for a noted agribusiness company. An independent farmer will be working hard, long hours. The stress level of an independent farmer will also be high due to finances, weather conditions, crop prices and many other factors related to farming. Agribusiness company employees do not...

Book War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book War - Essay Example The fact that her hair and shoulders were covered with frost, Ping concluded that she must have been there all night. This shows one of the effects the ban to reading had on young people. At first Ping thought that she was reading one of Mao’s books but later realizes that it was the story of Little Mermaid. He had wanted to read the book but only when he was able to read a book on his own, the revolution began and booked were termed as poisonous weed. The fact that the girl had disguised the book with a cover of Mao’s works shows how eager people were to read. She had felt the need to read the book but could not do that openly in fear of the government. This is one instance that shows how cruel the government’s decision was on those that really wanted to read. Ping and his neighbor decided to carry out a secret book exchange program. This emphasizes their determination to keep reading despite threats form the government. Ping later discovers a box of books that his mother had hidden. Whenever his mother discovered a book he was reading, she would order him to tear it and burn the pages. Then she would explain that it was for their safety with tears in her eyes. The author says that their hearts were turned into ashes. This can be taken to imply desperation and safe pity. All they could do was stick to the instructions from the government or risk their lives. In his last stanza, when the last of the books was burnt, he sat in the chicken coop. It was here that all the stories became alive in him as tears flowed freely. He then started telling stories to friends, siblings, and neighbors. These were stories he had read from the forbidden books and some that he had made up. From this experience, the author concludes that even if books are banned and burnt, hope and stories are still alive. The experience from this story emphasizes the importance of stories to people, even to children. Books carry stories that

Write about an experience you've had that makes you who you are Essay

Write about an experience you've had that makes you who you are - Essay Example I thought of smokers as idiots who waste money to buy ash and smoke to inject the carbon into their lungs and ruin their health. I did not smoke because I could not identify even a single benefit of this habit. I saw the purple lips of the chain smokers and that drew me further away from the thought of smoking a cigarette ever. But there was something strange happening to me when I was sitting amongst them and not smoking when all of them were doing it. I felt stranger and disconnected from the group. It was a pathetic feeling. It seemed like I had been outcast or was socially excluded. It felt anything but good. I had an inside feeling that it would not harm me if I gave it a try just for that time. While I was struggling with my inner feeling and denying the fact that I wanted to smoke there and then, one of my friends started criticizing me for not smoking. He called me â€Å"a Mama’s boy†, and the rest of them joined him in making fun of me. Then one of them said, à ¢â‚¬Å"Oh common Jonny, I know you can do it!† They presented it to me like a challenge, that I was too bold to deny accepting. The group process overwhelmed me and I did take a cigarette, pursed it between my lips, lit it at the end, and inhaled it!!! I was not being myself and it felt worse than before! Group that an individual forms part of influences the individual and convinces him/her to do things that he/she would never even think of doing as an individual. Group norms and values are quite different and often in conflict with the norms and values of at least some members of the group. Group’s norms and values are established with mutual consensus of the more powerful, influential and dominating members. Passive participants in the group work have to abide by the norms and values thus established by the active participants. Their compliance promotes harmony and retaliation promotes conflict. Thus, in order to work peacefully in a group, members

Aesthetics in Education Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Aesthetics in Education - Article Example Secondly, it allowed teachers to bring aesthetics to any lesson in the classroom. Their final reason was so that teaching aesthetics is important to use aesthetics in a way that promotes experiences that students had and that gives them an opportunity to talk about these experiences. When looking at this assignment, aesthetics can easily be found within the context of any classroom and these questions can be easily answered. 1 Aesthetics and Knowledge Knowledge is very important for students but they must be able to use this knowledge in order for the knowledge learned to be valuable. In order to teach knowledge through aesthetics, it is important to recognize that this area is very hands on. In order for children to learn to remember, memorize and recognize something, various games like Memory could be used. Memory is a game of cards that are laid out face down and children must pick each card up, look at it and replace it face down. Children must memorize because the point of the g ame is to match two cards. This idea can be applied to other things that are necessary for a student to learn like the alphabet. Also, the knowledge question can be answered in reading when the student is asked, â€Å"Who, what, when, where, how †¦?† In a story. This can also help with comprehension. Students are often asked to describe certain things. As an example, the game, â€Å"I Spy† in which children must see something in the room and say the color can be a way for them to remember, recognize, recall and so forth. This question is very easy when it comes to aesthetics because as long as something is hands on or used in some way that colors, fabrics and all the senses are involved, the students will retain knowledge easier and more effectively. 2 Aesthetics and Comprehension Teaching aesthetics lends itself to helping students understand their world and the various environments in which they live. They learn different subjects at school in a variety of ways. As an example, teaching science through the use of actual things children can explore in the classroom gives them a better comprehension of science. Growing things from seeds to a plant or giving them the opportunity to recycle various objects that are used in the classroom can strengthen their understanding of ecology. Children need hands on opportunities to understand learning better. During reading, students who learn to act out a variety of scenes that they are reading about and who are able to describe the story in their own words, have a deeper opportunity to comprehend the story. Using picture boards or interactive whiteboards can help children translate the stores from one medium to another as suggested by the comprehension question. They can also learn to retell the story in their own words or to tell different stores based on what they learned in this area. 2 Aesthetics and Application When children are learning, they must not only learn material but they must also have a way to apply what they learn. If they cannot apply it to some form of their life, the learning is meaningless. The area of application focuses on problem solving and allowing students to find their own way with some prompting. Aesthetics can play a part in this area as well. As an example, children enjoy doing puzzles of any kind and figuring out what is at the end of the puzzle. There are a variety of ways that puzzles can be used for problem solving. Mathematics is one area where aesthetics can be shown while children are learning how to understand formulas. Formulas go beyond the simple aspects of adding apples and oranges

The King of Mask Essay Example for Free

The King of Mask Essay Wonderful, straightforward and amazingly great film is the movie â€Å"The King of Mask†. In general, my personal views on the movie â€Å"The King of Art† is definitely an amazing work of work in the form of screen play in which it portray a balance yet profound presentation on the story of great Chinese art performer. Moreover, the motion film â€Å"The king of the Mask† is a Chinese movie in which it tells the story of a great Chinese dramatic art performer who worries that his â€Å"Bian Lian† art could be in extinction and carries his art to his grave due to the fact that he has no family in which he needs a heir to pass his all time love his â€Å"art†. The â€Å"Bian Lian† or better known as the changing mask is an ancient â€Å"Chinese Dramatic Art† that is generally famous as a part of the â€Å"Sichuan Opera†, which the art performer changes colorful faces as the actual performance of the art. Furthermore, the movie â€Å"The King of Mask† was released way back 1996, which was directed by a multi talented Chinese direct Wu Tina Ming. This movie is considered as one of the most Asian produced film, which received positive feedbacks from movie critics and garner major international award that includes the best actor award for â€Å"Zhu Xu† on his portrayal of the lead character as the opera street performer â€Å"Wang† and also awards like best director was given as well to director Wu Tian Ming. The movie started as the lead character â€Å"Wang† was performing in group of people in the street. â€Å"Wang Bian Lian† or prominently known as the â€Å"King of Mask† was the old man who worries so much that his all time love the art of â€Å"Bian Lian† or the art opera of face-changing might come to extinction and buried together with him on his death, due to the fact that as an old man and as an art performer he does not have family in which he can pass his art to carry on even after his death. Moreover this dilemma of â€Å"Wang† had leaded him to the notion of buying a child to make as his heir and pass his art to ensure its continuous performance even after his death. The next seen take place in the slave market in which Wang as a desperate old man and art performer had decided to buy a child and make as the successor of his art. In the Market Wang had come across an eight year old-boy, which was for sale due to poverty. The desperate Wang had never hesitated and bought the boy whom he named as â€Å"Gou-hua†. The eight year-old boy â€Å"Gua-hua† had somehow fill the worries of Wang as he brought happiness and answers to the fears of the aging street performer Wang. At first Wang was happy that he already has a successor to pass his art but beyond his control the adaptation of â€Å"Gua-hua† had made more conflict in his uncertainties when he later discover the eight year old Gua-hua was not a boy rather a girl. This scene reveals the true conflict of the movie in which the Wang as an art performer was not able to pass his art to Gua-hua due to the fact that his art should only be passed to man, which Gua-hua is not all. Furthermore, this revelation had created more conflicts on the story in which Wang started to hurt and abuse Gua-hua due to his frustrations. Nevertheless, this movie also reveals the right of the children, which as children or young individuals should be properly nurture.   The next scenes reveals more brutal act on the children as Wang and his frustration had attempted to dump Gua-hua. Since then their relationship had changed in which Wang habitually hurt the young girl physically and mentally, which lay the revealed child on suffering as she still stick with her claimed grandpa. However, it was until a near death incident happened when Gua-hua the young girl almost drowns herself to death Wang saw it and had regained his love and care with Gua-hua. This scene is definitely one of the hearts warming point in the movie in which Wang and Gua-hua had reunited with each other as they move on beyond their conflicts and differences.   Also, the movie reveals the justice and political state of china in which Wang was captured by the police officials for no credible case or reason. At the end of the story Wang with his uncertainties had located his answers with Gua-hua that   even she is a girl Wang still teaches her his art of Bian Lian in which Wang as a great art performer he still hopes for a boy to teach his art and pass as his successor. In the End, the Chinese film â€Å"The King of Mask† is a movie, which definitely touches your heart with its dramatic story. It is fair enough to say that this movie is worth watching for due to the fact that the director and the actor had exerted bigger efforts to make the movie more wonderful to watch. Nevertheless, the story of this movie definitely sends moral lessons in which it reveals the importance of children and equalities among boys and girls. On the other hand, it is fair enough to say that I have learned new things about film making on this movie â€Å"The Kin of Mask†. The first thing I learned is the new concepts of cinematography in which the movie has the appropriate cinematography in a specific scene or situation that had effect more drama and feelings to that particular scenario. Furthermore, I learned through this movie that inspired acting role of the artist will definitely make the movie more appealing that each actors and actresses has their profound role that make the movie interesting. Also, I learned that in movie production settings is critical in which it has the ability to portray realism of a certain time or situation to add more credibility and appropriate representation of event or occurrence. Nevertheless, the movie had left a big question in my mind, which is why Wang was captured by the officials for no credible reason. References The Z Review (2008), The King of Masks Movie Review: Retrieved May 1, 2008 from http://www.thezreview.co.uk/reviews/k/kingofmasksthe.htm

Outline for Primate Evolution :: science

Outline for Primate Evolution I. Types of Primates A. New World monkey 1. Examples: Spider Monkeys, Golden Lion Tamarins, and Squirrel Monkeys. 2. Diet usually consists of fruit, insects, and other small animals 3. Very Diverse in size and ecology 4. Use’s tail as a fifth limb to help climb 5. First modern anthropoids to evolve 6. Successfully crossed the Atlantic Ocean 1. Either by rafting on floating Islands or by crossing bridges when sea level was low B. Old World Monkeys 1. Examples: Mandrills, Proboscis Monkeys, Grey Langurs and Baboons 2. Natives of Africa and Asia 3. They mostly live in Trees 4. They are mostly commonly known as cold weather monkeys. C. Apes 1. There are 5 genera of apes: Gorillas, Chimpanzees, Gibbons, Orangutans, and Siamangs. 2. They are most commonly recognized as Primates without tails. 3. They also have very large brains. 4. Their diet consists of vegetables and other plant life. 1. Chimps occasionally have been observed killing other animals for food. 5. Apes are subject to the same disease as humans. 6. They can also use tools and sign language. D. Prosimians 1. Examples: Lemurs and Mouse Lemurs 2. Small tree dwelling primates 3. They are the size of a mouse to a large house cat. 4. Due to lack of facial Muscles they cannot make facial changes that other primates use to communicate. II. Human Ancestry A. Bipedal 1. Since apes were pushed out of the trees by lack of food, they eventually had to adapt to walking around on two legs. 2. Since their arms were free from walking on two legs, they could now use them to use tools. B. Hominids 1. A humanlike, bipedal Primate. 2. Possessed both ape and human characteristics. 3. Raymond Dart discovered a fossil skull that had an apelike braincase and face, but was unlike any primate he had ever seen. C. Australopithecine 1. Early Hominid that lived in Africa. 2. Most information gathered about the Australopithecine; was first discovered by Donald Johnson. 1. â€Å"Lucy† Skeleton a. First ever Australopithecine skeleton b. â€Å"Lucy† was classified as Australopithecus afarenis. c. Named after a song by the British pop group The Beetles. D. Australopithecus afarenis 1. Earliest known hominid species. 2. Fossils of its pelvis, legs, and feet indicate that it was bipedal, like humans. 3. Its Braincase suggested an apelike brain. 1. Along with it’s shoulders and forelimbs.

Free College Essays - The Sword In The Stone :: Sword in the Stone Essays

The Sword In The Stone: Kay Gets What He Deserves At the end of The Sword in the Stone, it is true that Kay does receive the `rough end' of the deal because he, being the son of a noble and a knight, and the Wart, comparatively nothing but a squire to Kay became the King of England when Kay thought himself more qualified and better for the postition. However, throughout the Boy's childhood, Kay maintained the dominant position in their relationship. I think that it is only fair that in the end, justice is served and theWart gets to rule over Kay. When the boys were young, Kay maintained a dominant position over the Wart, constantly reminding and humiliating him by saying that he "was not a proper son" and "Kay seemed to regard this as making him inferior in some way". Because Kay constantly reminded the Wart that he "was not a proper son" and said that he was inferior, upsetting the Wart, he learned to simply give in to Kay and always let him get his own way. After this constant torment and opportunities only available to Kay, I think that it is only deserving that, in the end, the Wart becomes more powerful and important than Kay, Sir Ector and the other people who had always `ruled' him. I think that the Wart was a better person to Kay and although he may not have been superior to Kay, he certainly had a better personality and was kinder than Kay. With Merlyn's `education', the Wart learned not only how to lead well, but also to be a better person, and Merlyn taught him much about how to treat other people with respect and to relate better with them. When the Wart meets Robin Wood and Maid Marion, he learns through Marion that women are no different to men and should be treated equally. He is also taught the pointlessness of violence when he requests a joust between Sir Grummore and King Pellinore. Before the joust, Wart thinks that it is noble and brave to fight, but after seeing the Free College Essays - The Sword In The Stone :: Sword in the Stone Essays The Sword In The Stone: Kay Gets What He Deserves At the end of The Sword in the Stone, it is true that Kay does receive the `rough end' of the deal because he, being the son of a noble and a knight, and the Wart, comparatively nothing but a squire to Kay became the King of England when Kay thought himself more qualified and better for the postition. However, throughout the Boy's childhood, Kay maintained the dominant position in their relationship. I think that it is only fair that in the end, justice is served and theWart gets to rule over Kay. When the boys were young, Kay maintained a dominant position over the Wart, constantly reminding and humiliating him by saying that he "was not a proper son" and "Kay seemed to regard this as making him inferior in some way". Because Kay constantly reminded the Wart that he "was not a proper son" and said that he was inferior, upsetting the Wart, he learned to simply give in to Kay and always let him get his own way. After this constant torment and opportunities only available to Kay, I think that it is only deserving that, in the end, the Wart becomes more powerful and important than Kay, Sir Ector and the other people who had always `ruled' him. I think that the Wart was a better person to Kay and although he may not have been superior to Kay, he certainly had a better personality and was kinder than Kay. With Merlyn's `education', the Wart learned not only how to lead well, but also to be a better person, and Merlyn taught him much about how to treat other people with respect and to relate better with them. When the Wart meets Robin Wood and Maid Marion, he learns through Marion that women are no different to men and should be treated equally. He is also taught the pointlessness of violence when he requests a joust between Sir Grummore and King Pellinore. Before the joust, Wart thinks that it is noble and brave to fight, but after seeing the